BIO302-FinalExam-Answers

Choose the best answer to fill in the blank to indicate where the part of the body is located. The spine is _______________ to the abdominal region.

Choose one answer.

	a. Dorsal
	b. Transverse
	c. Ventral
	d. Sagittal
	e. Inferior

Question 2

Choose the best answer to fill in the blank to indicate where the part of the body is located. The foot is ______________ to the knee.

Choose one answer.

	a. Ventral
	b. Longitudinal
	c. Lateral
	d. Superior
	e. Inferior

Question 3

This picture shows a skull with a cut made through the top of it. Imagining the skull upright, as it would be naturally, in which plane was this cut made? (Image Source: Bernard, Bill. Wikimedia: Creative Commons, Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, 2004.)

Choose one answer.

	a. Transverse
	b. Oblique
	c. Across
	d. Sagittal
	e. Ventral

Question 4

Where is the diaphragm located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Abdomen
	b. Hypogastric region
	c. Inguinal area
	d. Dorsal cavity
	e. Thorax

Question 5

Which body system is responsible for systemic immune response?

Choose one answer.

	a. Cardiovascular System
	b. Integumentary System
	c. Lymphatic System
	d. Endocrine System
	e. Respiratory System

Question 6

Which body system provides a protective covering for the body and all of the systems within the body?

Choose one answer.

	a. Lymphatic system
	b. Respiratory system
	c. Sensory system
	d. Integumentary system
	e. Reproductive system

Question 7

Which two body systems work together to allow gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out) throughout all the tissues in the body?

Choose one answer.

	a. Respiratory and lymphatic systems
	b. Cardiovascular and endocrine systems
	c. Endocrine and urinary systems
	d. Respiratory and cardiovascular systems
	e. Endocrine and lymphatic systems

Question 8

This picture shows a skull cut in half. In which plane was the cut made? (Image Source: McCormack, Tim. Wikimedia: Creative Commons, Public Domain, 2005.)

Choose one answer.

	a. Dorsal
	b. Coronal
	c. Sagittal
	d. Transverse
	e. Vertical

Question 9

A hair is made up of which of the following?

Choose one answer.

	a. A medulla, cortex, and cuticle
	b. A fasciculus and inner cortex
	c. An epithelium and root
	d. An epithelium, root, and cuticle
	e. A single layer known as the hair shaft

Question 10

Fill in the blank. Sebaceous glands are in skin all over the body, except on the _______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Nose
	b. Ears
	c. Palms of hands and soles of feet
	d. Armpit
	e. Scalp

Question 11

What do ceruminous glands secrete?

Choose one answer.

	a. Sebum
	b. Sweat
	c. Milk
	d. Ear wax
	e. Mucus

Question 12

What do sudoriferous glands secrete?

Choose one answer.

	a. Sebum
	b. Milk
	c. Odor
	d. Ear wax
	e. Sweat

Question 13

What is the part of the nail that originates from the living tissue of the nail matrix called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Free margin
	b. Nail plate
	c. Nail sinus
	d. Nail root
	e. Nail body

Question 14

Where are apocrine sweat glands located?

Choose one answer.

	a. All over the body
	b. Everywhere except palms of hands and soles of feet
	c. In the armpit, around the nipples, and in the groin area
	d. On the face and scalp
	e. Only in the armpit

Question 15

Where are merocrine, or eccrine, sweat glands located?

Choose one answer.

	a. All over the body
	b. Everywhere except palms of hands and soles of feet
	c. In the armpit, around the nipples, and in the groin area
	d. On the face and scalp
	e. Only in the armpit

Question 16

What is the innermost layer of the skin called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Epidermis
	b. Mesodermis
	c. Dermis
	d. Subdermis
	e. Hypodermis

Question 17

Fill in the blank. The vomer is a _____________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Facial muscle
	b. Facial bone
	c. Muscle in phalanges
	d. Back bone
	e. Bone in the knee

Question 18

The ethmoid bone forms part of which structure?

Choose one answer.

	a. Chin
	b. Cheek
	c. Thumb
	d. Ear
	e. Nose

Question 19

What are the names of the bones in the wrist?

Choose one answer.

	a. Phalanges
	b. Carpals
	c. Metacarpals
	d. Os Coxae
	e. Tarsus

Question 20

What kind of joint is the elbow?

Choose one answer.

	a. Ginglymus
	b. Ball and socket
	c. Synarthrosis
	d. Synchondrosis
	e. Trochoid

Question 21

Where is the ulna located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Lower leg
	b. Inguinal area
	c. Upper leg
	d. Forearm
	e. Foot

Question 22

Which bone connects the hip socket to the knee?

Choose one answer.

	a. Humerus
	b. Femur
	c. Tibia
	d. Patella
	e. Fibula

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a part of the skull?

Choose one answer.

	a. Zygomatic bone
	b. Maxilla
	c. Coccyx
	d. Alveolar margin
	e. Temporal process

Question 24

Which of the following joints can perform both flexion and adduction?

Choose one answer.

	a. Knee
	b. Hip
	c. Elbow
	d. Metacarpal
	e. Both B and D

Question 25

Which of the following lists the regions of vertebrae from top to bottom?

Choose one answer.

	a. Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral
	b. Sacral, thoracic, lumbar, cervical
	c. Thoracic, cervical, lumbar, sacral
	d. Sacral, thoracic, cervical, lumbar
	e. Lumbar, thoracic, cervical, sacral

Question 26

What is the condition in which bones are porous and the bone density is reduced called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Fibromyalgia
	b. Osteitis
	c. Osteoporosis
	d. Myelopoiesis
	e. Osteomalacia

Question 27

Fill in the blank. The gracilis is located proximally to the ____________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Sartorius
	b. Rectus femoris
	c. Iliacus
	d. Rectus abdominis
	e. Frontalis

Question 28

The masseter aids in what action?

Choose one answer.

	a. Throwing a ball
	b. Lifting a dumbbell
	c. Chewing
	d. Standing up
	e. Sitting down

Question 29

Where is the latissimus dorsi located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Directly next to the spine
	b. In the foot
	c. In the lower back
	d. In the inguinal area
	e. Below the scapula

Question 30

Where is the sartorius muscle located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Forearm
	b. Abdomen
	c. Upper leg
	d. Upper arm
	e. Shoulder

Question 31

Which muscle adducts the humerus?

Choose one answer.

	a. Coracobrachialis
	b. Biceps brachii
	c. Deltoid
	d. Sartorius
	e. Triceps brachii

Question 32

Which muscle allows you to raise your eyebrows?

Choose one answer.

	a. Orbicularis oculi
	b. Frontalis
	c. Orbicularis oris
	d. Soleus
	e. Extensor retinaculum

Question 33

Which of the following muscles aids in pointing the foot?

Choose one answer.

	a. Fibularis tertius
	b. Gastrocnemius
	c. Tibialis anterior
	d. Biceps femoris
	e. Rectus femoris

Question 34

Which type of muscular tissue has intercalated discs?

Choose one answer.

	a. Cardiac
	b. Smooth
	c. Skeletal
	d. Maxillary
	e. Striated

Question 35

Bundles of nerve cell bodies are known as which of the following?

Choose one answer.

	a. Gray matter
	b. White matter
	c. Nodes of Ranvier
	d. Dendrites
	e. Axons

Question 36

Fill in the blank. Motor neurons exit the spinal cord through the ______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Dorsal root
	b. Ventral root
	c. Thoracic vertebra
	d. Somatic area
	e. Neuromuscular junction

Question 37

The digestive tract is innervated by which subsection of the nervous system?

Choose one answer.

	a. Central
	b. Somatic
	c. Autonomic
	d. Dendritic
	e. Ventral

Question 38

Where is the thalamus located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Prefrontal cortex
	b. Throat
	c. Mesencephalon
	d. Diencephalon
	e. Brainstem

Question 39

Which area of the body is affected by the T4 spinal nerve?

Choose one answer.

	a. Ankle
	b. Shoulder
	c. Big toe
	d. Pectorals
	e. Upper leg

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true of cranial nerve X?

Choose one answer.

	a. Cranial nerve X is the vagus, involved in heart rate and digestion.
	b. Cranial nerve X is the trigeminal, involved in sensation of the mouth and chewing.
	c. Cranial nerve X is the vestibulocochlear, involved in hearing and balance.
	d. Cranial nerve X is the trigeminal, involved in cyclical movements.
	e. Cranial nerve X is the vagus, involved in the swallowing reflex.

Question 41

Which of the following statements is true of cranial nerve VI?

Choose one answer.

	a. Cranial nerve VI is the hypoglossal, which controls the tongue.
	b. Cranial nerve VI is the oculomotor, which moves the eye.
	c. Cranial nerve VI is the hypoglossal, which aids in taste.
	d. Cranial nerve VI is the abducens, which is involved in visual perception.
	e. Cranial nerve VI is the abducens, which moves the eye from side to side.

Question 42

Which lobe of the brain is located at the very back of the head?

Choose one answer.

	a. Temporal
	b. Occipital
	c. Frontal
	d. Somatosensory
	e. Premotor

Question 43

Fill in the blank. The iliac arteries stem from the ______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Descending aorta
	b. Genicular artery
	c. Femoral artery
	d. Brachial artery
	e. Carotid artery

Question 44

Fill in the blanks. The pulmonary vein carries blood from the ______________ to the ______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Arms, heart
	b. Head, heart
	c. Heart, lungs
	d. Lungs, heart
	e. Lungs, brain

Question 45

The red arrow in this picture indicates what structure? (Image Source: Lynch, Patrick. Wikimedia: Creative Commons, Attribution 2.5 Generic, 2006.)

Choose one answer.

	a. Aorta
	b. Pulmonary artery
	c. Vena cava
	d. Pulmonary vein
	e. Genicular artery

Question 46

The vena cava supplies blood to which of the following?

Choose one answer.

	a. Left ventricle
	b. Right atrium
	c. Lungs
	d. Left atrium
	e. Arms

Question 47

Where are genicular arteries located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Surrounding the ulna
	b. In the neck
	c. In the hand
	d. Surrounding the knee
	e. Attached to the aorta

Question 48

Where is the cephalic vein located?

Choose one answer.

	a. In the neck
	b. Along the back of the leg
	c. In the arm
	d. Surrounding the knee
	e. Between the heart and lungs

Question 49

Where is the saphenous vein located?

Choose one answer.

	a. In the arm
	b. In the leg
	c. In the neck
	d. In the abdomen
	e. In the scalp

Question 50

Where is the tricuspid valve located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Between the right ventricle and left ventricle
	b. Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary vein
	c. Between the left atrium and aorta
	d. Between the coronary artery and marginal artery
	e. Between the right atrium and right ventricle

Question 51

The red arrow in this picture indicates what structure? (Image Source: Lynch, Patrick. Wikimedia: Creative Commons, Attribution 2.5 Generic, 2006.)

Choose one answer.

	a. Left ventricle
	b. Right ventricle
	c. Right atrium
	d. Left atrium
	e. Septum

Question 52

Monocytes from the bone marrow give rise to which type of immune cells?

Choose one answer.

	a. Lymphocytes
	b. B cells
	c. Macrophages
	d. T cells
	e. Killer cells

Question 53

What is the lymphatic organ found within the rib cage but below the diaphragm called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Thymus
	b. Spleen
	c. Tonsils
	d. Great node
	e. Lymphatic vessel

Question 54

What is the lymphatic organ located between the lungs and above the heart called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Thymus
	b. Spleen
	c. Tonsils
	d. Great node
	e. Lymphatic vessel

Question 55

What part of the body produces T cells?

Choose one answer.

	a. Spleen
	b. Right lymphatic duct
	c. Bone marrow
	d. Thymus
	e. Tonsils

Question 56

Where does the thoracic duct drain into?

Choose one answer.

	a. The descending aorta
	b. The lymphatic vessels
	c. The subclavian vein
	d. The nasal sinuses
	e. The radial artery

Question 57

Which group of lymph nodes is located in the general armpit area?

Choose one answer.

	a. Axillary
	b. Parotid
	c. Popliteal
	d. Ulnar
	e. Supratrochlear

Question 58

Which of the following are NOT lymph nodes within the head and neck?

Choose one answer.

	a. Parotid
	b. Retropharyngeal
	c. Anterior auricular
	d. Cervical
	e. Popliteal

Question 59

Where are the intercostal lymph glands located?

Choose one answer.

	a. In the neck, near the carotid artery
	b. Along the spine, in the thoracic area
	c. In the inguinal area
	d. Near the elbow joint
	e. Proximal to the pituitary

Question 60

Fill in the blank. Alveolar sacs hang from the ______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Bronchioles
	b. Pleurae
	c. Lobules
	d. Lungs
	e. Bronchi

Question 61

Fill in the blank. Cells in the nasal mucosa that occur in spaces between the pseudostratified columnar epithelium are known as _______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Goblet cells
	b. Basement membrane
	c. Cilia
	d. Mucosa
	e. Turbinates

Question 62

Fill in the blank. The costal surface of the lungs faces the _____________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Heart
	b. Diaphragm
	c. Ribcage
	d. Chin
	e. Abdominal cavity

Question 63

Fill in the blanks. Bronchi connect the ______________ to the _______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Nose, mouth
	b. Ears, nose
	c. Trachea, lungs
	d. Nose, trachea
	e. Lungs, heart

Question 64

What are the viscera that surround the lungs, protecting the lungs and attaching to other internal connective tissue, called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Lung sac
	b. Alveolar sac
	c. Pleurae
	d. Pharynx
	e. Connective tissue

Question 65

What is the structure that connects the nasal cavity to the larynx?

Choose one answer.

	a. Trachea
	b. Sphenoid sinus
	c. Pharynx
	d. Frontal sinus
	e. Esophagus

Question 66

Where is the thyroid cartilage located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Between the hyoid bone and the cricoid cartilage
	b. Above both the hyoid bone and the cricoid cartilage
	c. Beneath the cricoid cartilage and above the hyoid bone
	d. Above the epiglottis
	e. In the sphenoid sinus

Question 67

Where are the ethmoid sinuses located?

Choose one answer.

	a. On the cheeks
	b. In the chin area
	c. Above the eye orbits
	d. Between the eyes
	e. In the ear

Question 68

Approximately how long is the small intestine?

Choose one answer.

	a. 10 feet
	b. 5 feet
	c. 15 feet
	d. 20 feet
	e. 45 feet

Question 69

Bile is synthesized in which of the following organs?

Choose one answer.

	a. Pancreas
	b. Gallbladder
	c. Stomach
	d. Small intestine
	e. Liver

Question 70

Fill in the blank. The duodenum is part of the ______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Stomach
	b. Large intestine
	c. Small intestine
	d. Esophagus
	e. Colon

Question 71

How are the jejunum and the ileum differentiated?

Choose one answer.

	a. They are separated by the large intestine.
	b. The jejunum has larger villi and thicker circular folds than the ileum.
	c. The ileum has larger villi and thicker circular folds than the jejunum.
	d. The oblique fissure separates them.
	e. Both C and D

Question 72

What are the three types of gastric glands?

Choose one answer.

	a. Pyloric, thracian, and duodenal
	b. Cardiac, duodenal, and umbilical
	c. Cardiac, pyloric, and fundus
	d. Duodenal, thracian, and umbilical
	e. Pyloric, cardiac, and lymphatic

Question 73

Where is the cecum located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Inside the colon
	b. Between the esophagus and stomach
	c. Between the duodenum and the ileum
	d. At the beginning of the large intestine
	e. Between the stomach and small intestine

Question 74

Where is the liver located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Between the diaphragm and the stomach
	b. Between the large intestine and colon
	c. Between the heart and lungs
	d. Between the bladder and the uterus
	e. Above the pleurae

Question 75

Fill in the blank. The connection between the esophagus and the stomach is known as the _______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Cardiac orifice
	b. Pyloric orifice
	c. Greater curvature
	d. Lesser curvature
	e. Duodenum

Question 76

Fill in the blank. In a nephron, the proximal convoluted tubule is located _____________ the loop of Henle.

Choose one answer.

	a. Between
	b. Across from
	c. Before
	d. After
	e. Underneath

Question 77

Fill in the blank. In the female, the bladder is located _____________ the uterus.

Choose one answer.

	a. Above
	b. Below
	c. To the right side of
	d. To the left side of
	e. Nowhere near

Question 78

Fill in the blank. The recessed area in the kidney, where the renal vein, renal artery, and ureter enter, is known as the _______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Hilum
	b. Sulcus
	c. Gyrus
	d. Calyx
	e. Cortex

Question 79

In a nephron, which of the following is attached to the collecting duct?

Choose one answer.

	a. Loop of Henle
	b. Proximal convoluted tubule
	c. Distal convoluted tubule
	d. Hilum
	e. Glomerulus

Question 80

The descending loop of Henle is impermeable to which of the following?

Choose one answer.

	a. Water
	b. Salt
	c. Vinegar
	d. HCl (hydrogen chloride)
	e. Acetic Acid

Question 81

What does the structure of the ureter consist of?

Choose one answer.

	a. A cortex and medulla
	b. An epithelium and fibrous coat
	c. Muscular tissue only
	d. Three coats: fibrous, muscular, and mucous
	e. None of the above

Question 82

Which of the following best describes the Bowman’s capsule?

Choose one answer.

	a. It is part of the renal vein.
	b. It sits in the hilum.
	c. It surrounds the glomerulus.
	d. It surrounds the distal convoluted tubule.
	e. It is part of the collecting duct.

Question 83

Fill in the blank. The part of a nephron that extends from the kidney cortex into the medulla is the ______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Bowman’s capsule
	b. Loop of Henle
	c. Ureter
	d. Glomerulus
	e. Hilum

Question 84

Fill in the blank. The blood-testis barrier is formed by the ______________.

Choose one answer.

	a. Epididymis
	b. Sertoli cells
	c. Vas deferens
	d. Spermatic plexus
	e. Sperm nuclei

Question 85

The thymus is largest during which stage of life?

Choose one answer.

	a. Infancy
	b. Early childhood
	c. Puberty
	d. Adulthood
	e. Senescence

Question 86

What are the specific structures that produce insulin called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Bowman’s capsules
	b. Glomeruli
	c. Islets of Langerhans
	d. Alveoli
	e. Intestinal ducts

Question 87

Where are the adrenal glands located?

Choose one answer.

	a. At the base of the skull, in the back of the neck
	b. Just above the amygdala
	c. Near the hyoid bone
	d. Just above the kidneys
	e. Between the lungs and above the heart

Question 88

Where are the parathyroid glands located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Inside the brain
	b. Within the neck
	c. In the thorax
	d. In the epigastric region of the abdomen
	e. In the armpit area

Question 89

Where does the formation of sperm take place?

Choose one answer.

	a. Seminal vesicles
	b. Epididymis
	c. Seminiferous tubules
	d. Vas deferens
	e. Spermatic plexus

Question 90

Which of the following organs produces insulin?

Choose one answer.

	a. Liver
	b. Pancreas
	c. Gallbladder
	d. Kidneys
	e. Small intestine

Question 91

Which of the following structures is the female homologue of a testis?

Choose one answer.

	a. Uterus
	b. Fallopian Tube
	c. Ovary
	d. Urethra
	e. Stroma

Question 92

Where is the hypothalamus located?

Choose one answer.

	a. Near the hyoid bone
	b. At the base of the skull, in the back of the neck
	c. Just above the liver
	d. Just behind and between the eyes
	e. Next to the pancreas

Question 93

A sperm cell has how many chromosomes?

Choose one answer.

	a. 12
	b. 46
	c. 23
	d. 14
	e. 43

Question 94

Maturation of sperm cells occurs in which of the following areas?

Choose one answer.

	a. Ductus deferens
	b. Penis
	c. Epididymis
	d. Urethra
	e. Prostate

Question 95

Ovulation is triggered by which of the following hormones?

Choose one answer.

	a. FSH
	b. Testosterone
	c. GnRH
	d. LH
	e. HCG

Question 96

What does spermatogenesis mean?

Choose one answer.

	a. Sperm formation
	b. Sperm death
	c. Sperm division
	d. Egg production
	e. Zygote formation

Question 97

What is the initial part of the female duct system called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Fallopian tube
	b. Fimbriae
	c. Follicle
	d. Cervix
	e. Vagina

Question 98

What is the rounded region that is located superior to the uterine tube called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Lumes
	b. Cervix
	c. Fundus
	d. Fornix
	e. Ovary

Question 99

What is the skin that covers the penis called?

Choose one answer.

	a. Glans
	b. Prepuce
	c. Testis
	d. Bulb
	e. Sertoli

Question 100

Which of the following layers shed during menses?

Choose one answer.

	a. Myometrium
	b. Perimetrium
	c. Endometrium
	d. Both A and B
	e. Both B and C