| a. Roots, shoots, and leaves | ||
| b. Roots, stems, and leaves | ||
| c. Roots, trunks, and cones | ||
| d. Roots, stems, leaves, and flowers | ||
| e. Roots and leaves |
| a. Sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels | ||
| b. Sepals, petals, ovules, and pollen | ||
| c. Sepals, petals, ovaries, and pistils | ||
| d. Petals, anthers, styles, and ovules |
| a. Golgi | ||
| b. Endoplasmic Reticulum | ||
| c. Vesicle | ||
| d. Vacuole | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. To serve as a mechanical support for the leaves, flowers, and fruits | ||
| b. To furnish a path of conduction between shoot organs and the roots | ||
| c. To serve as the primary organ for photosynthesis | ||
| d. To act as a storage organ for water and products of photosynthesis | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Xylem and phloem | ||
| b. Xylem, phloem, and pericycle | ||
| c. Xylem, phloem, pericycle, and endodermis | ||
| d. Xylem, phloem, pericycle, endodermis, and cortex | ||
| e. Iron and carbon |
| a. The molecular structure of the cell wall | ||
| b. The presence or absence of chloroplasts | ||
| c. The tissue systems they belong to | ||
| d. Its presence or absence in vascular seed plants, vascular nonseed plants, or nonvascular plants | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. It is a cell that entertains other cells of the plant that are lonely. | ||
| b. It is a cell that controls adjacent sieve cells. | ||
| c. It is a cell that controls adjacent guard cells. | ||
| d. It is a cell that controls adjacent root hair cells. | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Sclereids; ground tissue system; sclerenchyma tissue | ||
| b. Phloem; sieve-tube elements; vascular tissue system | ||
| c. Trichomes; epidermis; dermal tissue system | ||
| d. Cork cells: epidermis; dermal tissue system | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. In leaves, just below the epidermal tissue | ||
| b. Within the xylem and phloem of vascular bundles | ||
| c. In the pith region | ||
| d. In wood rays | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Cellulose | ||
| b. Lignin | ||
| c. Pectin | ||
| d. Rhamnogalacturonan | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Parenchyma cell | ||
| b. Collenchyma cell | ||
| c. Guard cell | ||
| d. Trichome | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Transpiration | ||
| b. Absorption | ||
| c. Anchorage | ||
| d. Food Storage | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Tap | ||
| b. Sucker | ||
| c. Fibrous | ||
| d. Adventitious | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Cork cells | ||
| b. Guard cells | ||
| c. Trichomes | ||
| d. Tracheids | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. They may be apical or lateral. | ||
| b. They are areas where plant cell types arise by meiosis. | ||
| c. They may be primary or secondary. | ||
| d. All of the above | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. It consists of everything below ground such as roots, tubers, and rhizomes. | ||
| b. It consists of ground tissue, vascular tissue, and dermal tissue. | ||
| c. It consists of parenchymal tissue, collenchymal tissue, and sclerenchymal tissue. | ||
| d. All of the above | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. They support the plant. | ||
| b. They are dead at maturity. | ||
| c. They tend to occur as part of vascular bundles or on the corners of angular stems. | ||
| d. In many prepared slides, they stain red. | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. They are alive at maturity. | ||
| b. They function in storage. | ||
| c. They are involved in photosynthesis. | ||
| d. They make up the bulk of ground and vascular tissues. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. They conduct food from leaves to rest of the plant. | ||
| b. They are alive at maturity. | ||
| c. They tend to stain green. | ||
| d. Phloem cells are usually located inside the xylem. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. They support the plant. | ||
| b. They are dead at maturity. | ||
| c. They are characterized by thickenings in their secondary walls. | ||
| d. They often occur at bundle cap fibers. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. The solutes inside are toxic to herbivores. | ||
| b. It is a specialized and complex organelle. | ||
| c. It is where protein glycosylation occurs. | ||
| d. Functionally, it is the cell's recycling center. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Xylem is a term applied to woody (lignin-impregnated) walls of certain cells of plants. | ||
| b. Xylem tends to conduct water and minerals from leaves to roots. | ||
| c. Xylem may consist of parenchyma cells, tracheids, and vessel elements. | ||
| d. Xylem tends to stain red. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. It is produced by the cambium. | ||
| b. It occurs by growth of vascular cambium in Dicots. | ||
| c. It does not usually occur in Monocots. | ||
| d. It occurs in rows or ranks of cork, secondary xylem, or secondary phloem cells. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. According to the endosymbiosis theory, they were once free-living micro-organisms. | ||
| b. They contain DNA. | ||
| c. They are where photosynthesis occurs. | ||
| d. Contain flat, disc-like sacs called thylakoids. | ||
| e. None of the above statements are false. |
| a. All eukaryotic cells have chloroplasts. | ||
| b. Their DNA is always associated with proteins. | ||
| c. All eukaryotic cells have mitochondria. | ||
| d. All eukaryotic cells have plasma membranes. | ||
| e. All eukaryotic cells have lysosomes. |
| a. Mitochondrion | ||
| b. Chloroplast | ||
| c. Centriole | ||
| d. Ribosome | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. To fend off herbivores | ||
| b. To obtain nutrients, especially in nutrient-poor soil | ||
| c. To attract and seize cross-pollinating insects | ||
| d. All of the above | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. All plants | ||
| b. Plants which grow in very arid, hot climates | ||
| c. Plants of important agricultural value such as corn, sugarcane, millet, and sorghum | ||
| d. Insectivorous plants | ||
| e. Both B and C |
| a. Blue | ||
| b. Green | ||
| c. Red | ||
| d. Both A and C | ||
| e. All colors of light (white) |
| a. Seeds; cones | ||
| b. Fruit; seeds | ||
| c. Seeds; fruit | ||
| d. Nuts; fruit | ||
| e. Seeds; nuts |
| a. The stroma side of the thylakoid; the lumen side of the thylakoid | ||
| b. The lumen side of the thylakoid; the stroma side of the thylakoid | ||
| c. The stroma side of the thylakoid; the cytosol | ||
| d. The lumen side of the granum; the stroma side of the granum | ||
| e. The cytosol; the stroma side of the thylakoid |
| a. Through symbiotic relationships with nitrogen fixing bacteria | ||
| b. Through symbiotic relationships with blue-green algae | ||
| c. By uptake of ammonia from the soil | ||
| d. By uptake of nitrogen gas from the atmosphere | ||
| e. By the metabolic breakdown of proteins |
| a. Root pressure | ||
| b. Capillarity | ||
| c. Cohesion | ||
| d. Evaporation | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. The dark reactions | ||
| b. The light reactions | ||
| c. Photorespiration | ||
| d. Phototranspiration | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Cell elongation, cell maturation, cell division | ||
| b. Cell elongation, cell division, cell maturation | ||
| c. Cell division, cell maturation, cell elongation | ||
| d. Cell division, cell elongation, cell maturation | ||
| e. Cell maturation, cell elongation, cell division |
| a. Sugars | ||
| b. Potassium | ||
| c. Amino acids | ||
| d. Proteins | ||
| e. Dissolved gases |
| a. Mesophyll | ||
| b. Epidermis | ||
| c. Xylem | ||
| d. Phloem | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. The movement of water through the plant | ||
| b. The movement of sugar through the plant | ||
| c. The movement of solutes through the plant | ||
| d. The movement of solvents through the plant | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. The wasteful biochemical process certain plants perform when CO2/O2 levels are high | ||
| b. The process of generation ATP from glucose and O2 by the mitochondria | ||
| c. The process in the plant of moving water | ||
| d. Dew formation on leaves | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. On the stroma side of the thylakoid | ||
| b. On the lumen side of the thylakoid | ||
| c. On the lumen side of the chloroplast outer membrane | ||
| d. In the cytosol | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. On the stroma side of the thylakoid | ||
| b. On the lumen side of the thylakoid | ||
| c. On the lumen side of the chloroplast outer membrane | ||
| d. In the cytosol | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Chlorophyll | ||
| b. Lutein | ||
| c. Beta-carotene | ||
| d. Lycopene | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Gibberellins | ||
| b. Cytokinins | ||
| c. Abscisic acid | ||
| d. Aldosterone | ||
| e. Ethylene |
| a. Potassium | ||
| b. Phosphorus | ||
| c. Nitrogen | ||
| d. Sulfur | ||
| e. Both A and B |
| a. It is also referred to as the Calvin cycle. | ||
| b. They occur during the dark. | ||
| c. They fix carbon. | ||
| d. They are interdependent with the light reactions. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. It is not of major use in plants. | ||
| b. It can be a source for intermediates as needed to "jump start" seedlings as they change over from the complete respiration dependency of subterranean existence to life in the light above the soil. | ||
| c. It generates NADPH and Pentoses. | ||
| d. It is an alternative to glycolysis. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. The ETS (electron transfer system) between PSI and PSII consists of pheophytin, plastoquinone, cytochromes b and f, and plastocyanin. | ||
| b. The ETS after PSI consists of special quinones, iron-sulfur proteins, ferredoxin, and a flavoprotein that reduces NADP+, and is often called non-cyclic electron flow. | ||
| c. Electrons can also pass from the PSI ETS back to the cytochromes in the PSII ETS. This path is called cyclic electron flow. | ||
| d. The source of electrons for photosynthesis is photolysis (the Hill reaction) that splits water and releases oxygen gas to the atmosphere. | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Endodermis | ||
| b. Epidermis | ||
| c. Mesophyll | ||
| d. Vascular Bundle | ||
| e. Cuticle |
| a. Calyx | ||
| b. Pedicle | ||
| c. Corona | ||
| d. Androecium | ||
| e. Gynoecium |
| a. Glycolysis | ||
| b. The Krebs cycle | ||
| c. The electron transport chain | ||
| d. The Citric Acid cycle | ||
| e. Both B and D |
| a. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium; the soil | ||
| b. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sulfur; the soil | ||
| c. Oxygen, Carbon, and Hydrogen; the atmosphere | ||
| d. Oxygen and Hydrogen; the atmosphere |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. 5-6 billion years | ||
| b. 1.2-1.4 billion years | ||
| c. 500 million years | ||
| d. 1-2 million years | ||
| e. 100,000 years |
| a. 5-6 billion years ago | ||
| b. 1.2-1.4 billion years ago | ||
| c. 500 million years ago | ||
| d. 1-2 million years ago | ||
| e. 100,000 years ago |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Plant-like protists and fungi | ||
| b. Nonvascular plants (Bryophytes) | ||
| c. Vascular seedless plants | ||
| d. Vascular seed plants | ||
| e. Angiosperms |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Paleozoic Era | ||
| b. Cenozoic Era | ||
| c. Precambrian Era | ||
| d. Mesozoic Era | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Hans Krebs | ||
| b. Carolus Linnaeus | ||
| c. Charles Darwin | ||
| d. Robert Hooke | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Cycadophyta | ||
| b. Pterophyta | ||
| c. Ginkgophyta | ||
| d. Gnetophyta | ||
| e. Coniferophyta |
| a. Psilotophyta | ||
| b. Lycophyta | ||
| c. Sphenophyta | ||
| d. Pterophyta | ||
| e. Gnetophyta |
| a. Division Gnetophyta | ||
| b. Division Lycophyta | ||
| c. Division Psilotophyta | ||
| d. Division Anthocerotophyta |
| a. Hepatophyta | ||
| b. Anthocerophyta | ||
| c. Bryophyta | ||
| d. All of the above | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. Mosses | ||
| b. Liverworts | ||
| c. Hornworts | ||
| d. Ferns | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Drying out | ||
| b. Predation by herbivores | ||
| c. Support | ||
| d. Reproduction | ||
| e. Gas exchange |
| a. Division Ciliophora | ||
| b. Division Chytridiomycota | ||
| c. Division Psilotophyta | ||
| d. Division Anthocerotophyta |
| a. Genus, Division, Kingdom, Species, Family, Order, Class | ||
| b. Kingdom, Genus, Species, Family, Order, Class, Division | ||
| c. Species, Genus, Family, Kingdom, Order, Division, Class | ||
| d. Kingdom, Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species | ||
| e. Kingdom, Class, Order, Division, Family, Genus, Species |
| a. A liverwort is a nonvascular bryophyte. | ||
| b. A clubwort is a vascular seedless plant. | ||
| c. A gymnosperm is a vascular seed plant. | ||
| d. A fern is a vascular seed plant. | ||
| e. None of the above |
| a. They translate as "single seed leaf" and "double seed leaf," respectively. | ||
| b. Monocot stems have their vascular bundles in a ring arrangement; Dicot stems have scattered vascular bundles. | ||
| c. There is no pith region in monocots. | ||
| d. Monocot roots have their vascular bundles arranged in a ring; Dicot roots have their xylem in the center of the root and phloem outside the xylem. | ||
| e. Monocots have their flower parts in threes or multiples of three; Dicots have their flower parts in fours (or multiples) or fives (or multiples). |
| a. Homospory is also referred as isospory. | ||
| b. Homosporous plants produce bisexual gametophytes. | ||
| c. Homosporous plants will only mate with other homosporous plants of the same gender. | ||
| d. Ferns are a classic example of homosporous plants. | ||
| e. Homosporous plants develop gametophytes from spores which are all of the same size. |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Tundra |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Grassland | ||
| d. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| e. Temperate Forest |
| a. Sunlight | ||
| b. Water | ||
| c. Nutrients | ||
| d. Space | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Grassland | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Taiga |
| a. Atmosphere | ||
| b. Autotrophic organisms | ||
| c. Heterotrophic organisms | ||
| d. Decomposition | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. The food supply | ||
| b. Competition | ||
| c. Predation | ||
| d. Parasitism | ||
| e. All of the above |
| a. Evaporation | ||
| b. Precipitation | ||
| c. Transpiration | ||
| d. All of the above | ||
| e. A and C only |
| a. Tundra | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Cellular and acellular | ||
| b. Vascular and avascular | ||
| c. Terrestrial and aquatic | ||
| d. Terrestrial and atmospheric | ||
| e. Gymnosperms and angiosperms |
| a. Tundra | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Marine | ||
| b. Freshwater | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Marine | ||
| b. Freshwater | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Grassland | ||
| b. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| c. Temperate Forest | ||
| d. Marine | ||
| e. Freshwater |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Tundra |
| a. Tundra | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Boreal Forest | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Both A and B |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Tundra |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Tundra | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Both A and B |
| a. Tundra | ||
| b. Desert | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Both A and B |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Both A and B |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Chaparral | ||
| b. Taiga | ||
| c. Tropical Rain Forest | ||
| d. Temperate Forest | ||
| e. Grassland |
| a. Tundra | ||
| b. Equatorial | ||
| c. Chaparral | ||
| d. Desert | ||
| e. Savanna |
| a. Water | ||
| b. Oxygen | ||
| c. Nitrogen | ||
| d. Calcium | ||
| e. Phosphorus |