Marks: 1

According to the same author, how did Spanish conquests in the New World lead to increased European trade with Asia?

	a. They provided access to a vast new supply of gold
	b. They made possible and encouraged the travels of Marco Polo
	c. They brought an end to imperial conflict in the Western Hemisphere
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following does David Ludden consider the “forces of expansion” in the history of globalization?

	a. The spread of trading networks
	b. Imperial conquest
	c. Migration
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

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Marks: 1

Which of the following does Nayan Chanda consider the key “agents” of early globalization?

	a. Preachers
	b. Peasants
	c. Adventurers
	d. A and B
	e. A and C

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Marks: 1

Which of the following specific “moments” or events does David Ludden consider “major landmarks” in the history of globalization?

	a. The expansion of Buddhism and Islam
	b. The rise of Genghis Khan
	c. The voyages of Columbus and de Gama
	d. All of the above
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

David Northrup uses the figure of Marco Polo to illustrate:

	a. Physical hardships of early modern travelers and traders
	b. Political divisions in the Italian peninsula during the 13th Century
	c. New forms of interaction between Europe and Asia made possible by the Mongol conquests
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

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Marks: 1

According to Richard Hooker, which of the following is NOT an "enduring fallacy of the Middle Ages"?

	a. The Middle Ages were a preface to modernity
	b. Europe was a single culture
	c. The Middle Ages were a cultural setback from classical Greece and Rome
	d. Europe was a heterogenous entity
	e. The Middle Ages began with the fall of Rome

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Marks: 1

Monasteries became integrated into the power relations of the medieval world due to:

	a. The Benedictine Rule
	b. The sovereignty of the abbots
	c. The medieval nobility, who constructed monasteries on their estates
	d. Feudal kings, who became patrons of monks
	e. A high rate of literacy

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Marks: 1

The monk who set the standard for the rules of monasticism was:

	a. Jerome
	b. Ambrose
	c. Benedict
	d. Basil
	e. Leo

.

Marks: 1

The most important innovation of the Carolingian period was:

	a. Feudalism
	b. The creation of centralized government
	c. The development of Carolingian script
	d. The Carolingian Renaissance
	e. The rule of Carolus Magnus

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Marks: 1

What was Justinian I's most famous accomplishment?

	a. Building the Hagia Sophia
	b. Creating the Corpus iuris civilis
	c. Re-conquering Rome
	d. Establishing Latin as the official language
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

What was the impact of Christianity on existing polytheistic religions in northern Europe?

	a. Existing religions were wiped out
	b. Most people continued to adhere to polytheistic beliefs
	c. Christianity was shunned by northern Europeans
	d. A fusion of Christianity and supernatural beliefs developed
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following challenges did Constantine face after he converted to Christianity?

	a. Christianity had no established doctrine
	b. Christianity was a-political
	c. Christianity was dismissive of worldly authority
	d. Christianity was anti-Roman
	e. All of the above

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following characterizes Charlemagne's coronation by Pope Leo III:

	a. Charlemagne was not interested in the pope's offering
	b. The pope asserted power over the imperial crown
	c. The pope wanted to claim authority over a united Christendom
	d. Charlemagne did not want to be part of the Roman Church
	e. All of the above

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Marks: 1

Which of the following effects did the Crusades have on European history?

	a. A meaningful cultural exchange between East and West took place
	b. The European warrior class expanded
	c. European commerce increased
	d. Western Europe became more powerful than Eastern Europe
	e. The effect is debatable

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following occurred in 476?

	a. The fall of the Roman Empire
	b. Odovacer deposed Romulus Augustulus
	c. Constantinople was founded
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

.

Marks: 1

According to Pedro de Cieza Leon, who was exempt from work in Inca culture?

	a. Women
	b. Children
	c. Council Elders
	d. Lords
	e. No one was exempt

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Marks: 1

All of the following are true of Tenochtitlan EXCEPT:

	a. It was built on land reclaimed from Lake Texcoco
	b. Its heart was called the "Sacred Precinct"
	c. It had approximately 200,000 inhabitants
	d. Its wealth was derived from taxes
	e. Commoners were organized into neighborhoods

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Marks: 1

All of the following contributed to the fall of the Aztec Empire EXCEPT:

	a. The invasion of Spanish conquistadores
	b. Indigenous peoples who wanted freedom from Aztec rule
	c. A yellow fever epidemic
	d. A small pox epidemic
	e. The decimation of Tenochtitlan

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Marks: 1

Among the Aztecs, slavery:

	a. Was a punishment for committing a crime
	b. Was a permanent condition
	c. Could be entered into voluntarily
	d. A and C
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

In Tenochtitlan, commoners:

	a. Lived in the city center
	b. Were organized into neighborhoods
	c. Had their own local temples and markets
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Inca governance was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

	a. Direct rule
	b. The incorporation of local rulers into the Inca Empire
	c. Rule by proxy
	d. The divinity of the Inca ruler
	e. A council of elders ruling over each tribe

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Marks: 1

The Aztec "Day-Count" calendar was based upon:

	a. 13 day numbers
	b. 20 day signs
	c. 260-day year
	d. All of the above
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

The Incas:

	a. Had an advanced system of writing
	b. Imposed their language on conquered peoples
	c. Built aqueducts to their cities
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Who conquered the Incas?

	a. Cortes
	b. Pizzarro
	c. Magellan
	d. Columbus
	e. The Inca Empire was not conquered

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Marks: 1

For the Aztecs, the main goal of warfare was to:

	a. Destroy enemies
	b. Capture enemies and integrate them into Aztec society
	c. Ransack villages
	d. Assume control of trade networks
	e. Capture enemies and make human sacrifices

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Marks: 1

All of the following characterized Empress Wu and her reign EXCEPT:

	a. She was a concubine of the second T'ang emperor
	b. She deposed her husband and assumed the throne
	c. She was a devout Buddhist
	d. She expanded the T'ang military
	e. She contributed to the ascendancy of state Taoism

.

Marks: 1

During his rule, Sui Wen-ti achieved all of the following EXCEPT:

	a. He conquered southern China
	b. He reformed the taxation structure
	c. He centralized the government
	d. He adopted Confucianism
	e. He embraced Buddhism

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Marks: 1

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, all of the following occurred EXCEPT:

	a. Chinese scholarship and thought waned
	b. Neo-Taoism was adopted
	c. Buddhism was imported from India
	d. The Northern Wei asserted control over China
	e. A Turkic-Chinese general governed the empire

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Marks: 1

The invasion of which group drove the Song out of northern China?

	a. Jin
	b. Mongol
	c. Tartars
	d. Jurchens
	e. Manchus

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Marks: 1

The portion of the Song government that supervised the day-to-day work of the administration was the:

	a. Six Ministries
	b. Council of State
	c. Bureau of Military Affairs
	d. Bureau of Remonstrance
	e. Secretariat

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Marks: 1

Which of the following characterized the T'ang poet Li Po:

	a. He failed the civil service administration
	b. He was a lyric poet
	c. He was a devout Taoist
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Which of the following is NOT true of the scholar-gentry class?

	a. The scholar-gentry class owned land
	b. Members of the scholar-gentry class had to pass the civil service examination
	c. The scholar-gentry class was established during the Song dynasty
	d. Members of the scholar-gentry class collected taxes
	e. Members of the scholar-gentry class were government officials

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was true of the Song dynasty?

	a. Confucianism was revived
	b. The civil service examination was expanded
	c. The emperor's rule was autocratic
	d. The use of money became widespread
	e. All of the above

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Marks: 1

Which was NOT a characteristic of the Chinese population during the Han and Song dynasties?

	a. It shifted from the North to the South
	b. During the T'ang dynasty, most people lived in the North
	c. The population nearly doubled during the Song dynasty
	d. Increased commerce contributed to a growth in population
	e. The increase in population meant an increase in government officials

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Marks: 1

The Northern Wei attempted to:

	a. Re-unite the Chinese kingdoms
	b. Move the capital to Loyang
	c. Unify Chinese culture
	d. A and B
	e. All of the above

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Marks: 1

All of the following characterized Chinggis Khan's military tactics EXCEPT:

	a. Organized units were based on the principle of ten
	b. Troops were organized based upon tribal identity
	c. The horse was a critical component
	d. Feigned withdrawal
	e. The head of a unit of ten thousand had a personal relationship with Chinggis Khan

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Marks: 1

By 1260, all of the following were "sectors" of the Mongol Empire EXCEPT:

	a. The Jin
	b. The Ilkhanids
	c. The Golden Horde
	d. The Yuan
	e. All of the answers are correct

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Marks: 1

During the "Pax Mongolica":

	a. Commerce expanded in many areas
	b. Kubilai Khan tolerated many different religions
	c. Communication between the Mongols and the West increased
	d. All of the above
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

During the Yuan dynasty, all of the following were true EXCEPT:

	a. Merchants enjoyed an elevated status
	b. Tax remissions were provided to farmers in North China
	c. Peasants provided the labor for public works projects
	d. Craftsmanship declined
	e. Mongol rulers patronized the theater

.

Marks: 1

During which of the following periods did the Mongols have the greatest impact on Asia?

	a. 900-1100
	b. 1200-1400
	c. 1300-1500
	d. 1400-1700
	e. 1100-1300

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Marks: 1

The horse was important to a Mongol warrior because:

	a. It provided speed and flexibility in battle
	b. A warrior could drink the horse's milk
	c. A warrior could drink the horse's blood
	d. All of the above
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

The Mongols were adept conquerors because:

	a. They incorporated conquered peoples into their armies
	b. They exploited divisions in Asian empires
	c. They appointed the emperors of conquered peoples to be military advisors
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Which of the following characterizes Yuan culture?

	a. Chinese influence waned under Mongol rule
	b. The Mongols imposed pastoralism on the Chinese
	c. Neo-Confucianism eclipsed Confucianism
	d. The Mongols continued to conduct civil service examinations
	e. European culture influenced the House of Yuan

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following did NOT take place during the Mongols' rule in China:

	a. A catastrophic decline in population
	b. The elimination of the civil service examinations
	c. Southern Chinese occupied the bottom of the social hierarchy
	d. Mongols distrusted the Confucian scholar-gentry
	e. The House of Yuan was established

.

Marks: 1

What do scholars believe motivated the Mongols to embark on their conquests?

	a. The Song dynasty tried to assert control over Mongolia
	b. Their pastoralism was threatened
	c. A trade crisis
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

All of the following characterized Native Americans' early interactions with Europeans EXCEPT:

	a. Name-giving
	b. Exchange of goods
	c. A guarded welcome
	d. Interest in European furs
	e. Chiefs initially tried to control tribespeople's access to European goods

.

Marks: 1

All of the following characterized Portugal during the Age of Discovery EXCEPT:

	a. It began importing enslaved Africans
	b. It discovered a gold-rich region in western Africa
	c. Vasco de Gama sailed around Cape Horn
	d. It established a fort at Goa in 1510
	e. It forced the Muslims out of the spice trade

.

Marks: 1

Before Henry Hudson, which European explorer had entered what is now known as New York Bay?

	a. Ferdinand Magellan
	b. Giovanni de Verrazano
	c. John Smith
	d. John Cabot
	e. Francisco Pizarro

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Marks: 1

Europeans embarked upon an era of overseas expansion because of:

	a. A desire to expand Christendom
	b. A desire to compete with Islamic and Asian empires
	c. New technologies, which facilitated navigation and travel
	d. All of the above
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

The Columbian Exchange

	a. Was a significant ecological event
	b. Co-mingled animals, plants, and bacteria
	c. Resulted in the deaths of indigenous peoples
	d. All of the above
	e. B and C

.

Marks: 1

The first western European kingdom to initiate exploration and conquest was:

	a. Portugal
	b. Spain
	c. The Netherlands
	d. France
	e. Italy

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Marks: 1

The Spanish Empire:

	a. Allowed indentured servitude but not slavery
	b. Had one main territory in the Americas
	c. Appointed a viceroy who was the king's civil and military representative
	d. Caused the death of approximately 20% of Native Americans under their rule
	e. Declared that Native Americans could not be subjects of the crown (under the reign of Queen Isabella)

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following are components of Immanuel Wallerstein's World Systems Theory?

	a. Feudalism dominated Europe before the sixteenth century
	b. The new world economy functioned as a single unit
	c. Europe embraced capitalism to ensure economic growth
	d. A and B
	e. A and C

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was true of England's early settlements in the New World?

	a. Jamestown was the first English settlement in America
	b. Sir Walter Raleigh sponsored the colony at Jamestown
	c. King James I granted the Virginia Company a charter to create one colony in the Americas
	d. The Virginia Company ordered colonists to capture and enslave Native Americans
	e. The aim of Jamestown was to find a passage to the Pacific

.

Marks: 1

The historian Andre Gunder Frank asserts all of the following EXCEPT:

	a. Beginning in the late 1800s, world history was re-written
	b. Historians have tried to explain the ascendancy of the West over the rest of the world
	c. Capitalism is a European system
	d. Asia dominated the world economy until the second half of the nineteenth century
	e. Europeans invested money made in the Americas in Asian markets

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Marks: 1

"Humanism":

	a. Was a term first coined in 1808
	b. Emphasized the classical world
	c. Was opposed to logic
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Calvinism:

	a. Represented the second wave of the Protestant Reformation
	b. Asserted that mankind was helpless before an all-powerful God
	c. Claimed that man had free will
	d. A and B
	e. A and C

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Marks: 1

Martin Luther believed all of the following EXCEPT:

	a. Indulgences were false doctrine
	b. Questioned the need for sacraments
	c. Good works guaranteed salvation
	d. Faith did not guarantee salvation
	e. God granted salvation and damnation

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Marks: 1

Niccolo Machiavelli's The Prince can be described as:

	a. A blueprint for future societies
	b. A synthesis of theology and political philosophy
	c. A political philosophy that separates ethics from political pragmatism
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

The Calvinism movement was centered in which city?

	a. Munich
	b. Paris
	c. Strasbourg
	d. Geneva
	e. Bern

.

Marks: 1

What are some of the problems in using "The Renaissance" as a historical category of analysis?

	a. The term was imposed by scholars in hindsight
	b. Historians are not sure when the Renaissance began and ended
	c. The Renaissance had a limited impact upon Europe
	d. All of the above
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Protestant Reformation:

	a. The Church's increasing emphasis on rituals
	b. The papacy had lost its influence over an increasingly secular Europe
	c. Corruption within the Church
	d. An emphasis on personal salvation
	e. Disillusionment with the Church

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT a component of the Catholic Counter-Reformation:

	a. The Dominicans
	b. The Inquisition
	c. Censorship
	d. Council of Trent
	e. The Jesuits

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following were inventions listed by Leonardo di Vinci when he introduced himself to the Prince of Milan?

	a. Transportable bridge
	b. Rudimentary water pumps
	c. Mortars to fling stones
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

According to Steven Kreis, which of the following was more indicative of an intellectual movement than the 14th and 15th century Renaissance?

	a. The 12th century Renaissance
	b. Scientific Revolution
	c. The Protestant Reformation
	d. The invention of the printing press
	e. European trade with Asia

.

Marks: 1

All of the following is true of Brazil in the 1500s and 1600s EXCEPT:

	a. The French wanted to establish a permanent colony in Brazil
	b. The Dutch supplied credit, slaves, and goods to Portuguese planters
	c. Northeastern Brazil entered a period of stagnation after the Dutch were expelled
	d. Portugal's economy was heavily dependent on Brazil
	e. The French were the most serious challenge to Portuguese control by a major maritime power

.

Marks: 1

All of the following is true of the Portuguese policy toward the native peoples of Brazil in the 1500s EXCEPT:

	a. The Indians were under Crown "protection"
	b. The Indians were physically unfit to be slaves, unlike Africans
	c. The Indians were free but could be enslaved for practicing cannibalism
	d. Government-sponsored expeditions into the interior often became slave hunts for Indians
	e. The Indians were converted to Christianity to justify Portugual's legal claims to Brazil

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Marks: 1

Bartolomé de las Casas:

	a. Condemned Indian slavery
	b. Claimed that the Indians had enthusiastically received the Christian faith
	c. Believed that all Europeans should leave the New World
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Carlos V:

	a. Wanted to gain new territory in the Americas
	b. Sent Jesuit missionaries to Mexico in 1523 and 1524
	c. Sought the salvation of souls
	d. A and B
	e. A and C

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Marks: 1

Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés:

	a. Established La Cuidad de Mexico in the ruins of Tenochtitlán
	b. Became Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca
	c. Embarked upon an expedition to Belize for two years
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

.

Marks: 1

What were encomiendas?

	a. Small farms in New Spain devoted to agricultural production
	b. Land grants made by the king to immigrants
	c. Monopolies granted for commercial purposes
	d. Grants of Indians for labor in New Spain
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following is NOT true of the colonial Spanish economy:

	a. Mining was the primary enterprise
	b. The Crown held a monopoly on many products
	c. The Spanish Dollar was legal tender in the Orient
	d. Colonists were prohibited from planting olive or mulberry trees
	e. English, French, and Dutch pirates regularly plundered Spanish galleons

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT a province of New Spain?

	a. Nueva Galicia
	b. Nueva Vizcaya
	c. Nuevo León
	d. Nuevo México
	e. Nueva Oaxaca

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT true of Portuguese Brazil in the 1500s:

	a. It was a colonial rather than commercial venture
	b. The economy was dependent upon slave labor
	c. Brazil was granted to Portugal because of the Treaty of Tordesillas
	d. The coast was divided into 15 donatários
	e. The Jesuits Christianized native people

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT true of the Spanish Conquest of 1519-1521?

	a. The Spanish fleet initially landed at San Juan de Ulúa
	b. Francisco Hernández de Córdoba commissioned Hernán Cortés to explore what is now Mexico
	c. The Spanish forged an alliance with the Totonacs against the Aztecs
	d. The Aztecs withstood an 80-day siege against the Spanish
	e. All of the above

.

Marks: 1

All of the following characterized the rule of Suleyman EXCEPT:

	a. He did not have the power to overturn or replace the laws of the Shari'ah
	b. He believed that the entire world was his possession as a gift from God
	c. He gave financial support to Catholic Europe
	d. He annexed Arabia
	e. He strove to make Istanbul the center of Islamic civilization

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Marks: 1

All of the following were true of the Ottoman state EXCEPT:

	a. Taxes were publicly posted
	b. The bureaucracy was drawn from the Sultan's inner circle
	c. The Crown was based on primogeniture
	d. The Sultan had absolute power
	e. The Sultan oversaw government officials

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Marks: 1

The Mughal Empire declined because:

	a. The empire was too large for the administration
	b. Individual states rebelled against Aurangzeb's policies
	c. The Marathas were in opposition
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

The Ottoman Empire entered a period of decline in the early 18th Century because of:

	a. Wars with Europe
	b. A decrease in population
	c. Economic and technological changes that weakened internal cohesion and military strength
	d. A and B
	e. A and C

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Marks: 1

The Safavids were:

	a. Originally a Turkish Sufi order
	b. A Sunni state
	c. Self-proclaimed descendants of the seventh Imam
	d. A and C
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

Which of the following characterized the reign of Abbas I?

	a. Abbas I forged an alliance with the Ottomans
	b. Abbas I created a commercial relationship with Portugal
	c. Abbas I re-seized Azerbaijan and Iraq
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT true of the Ottoman ruling class?

	a. They accepted the religion of Islam
	b. They could come from the devsirme
	c. They knew and practiced the Ottoman Way
	d. They were divided into "institutions'
	e. All of the answers above are correct

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following were policies of Akbar?

	a. The recruitment and rewarding of Hindu chiefs
	b. The establishment of Islamic orthodoxy
	c. The promotion of a mass conversion to Islam
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Who founded the Mughal dynasty?

	a. Timur
	b. Akbar
	c. Babur
	d. Jahangir
	e. Shah Jahan

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Marks: 1

The early Ottomans:

	a. Were descended from the Oghuz
	b. Ruled a small military state in western Anatolia in 1300
	c. Failed to seize Constantinople before the Muslims
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

After enduring the Middle Passage, Boyrereau Brinch landed in:

	a. Martinique
	b. Barbados
	c. Jamaica
	d. South Carolina
	e. Virginia

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Marks: 1

All of the following are true of the first phase of the African slave trade EXCEPT:

	a. Africans were initially exported to Europe
	b. Captives were taken to Cape Verde and Madeira
	c. The Portuguese began the African slave trade
	d. The slave trade was linked to the Europeans' desire for spices
	e. The English and Dutch entered the slave trade after the Portuguese

.

Marks: 1

Between 1650 and 1807:

	a. The slave trade declined
	b. The Portuguese withdrew from the slave trade
	c. An estimated seven million Africans were forced across the Atlantic
	d. The French monopolized the African slave trade
	e. Sweden and Germany refused to enter the African slave trade

.

Marks: 1

Dr. Simon Newman mentioned all of the following in his lecture about the canoemen of the Gold Coast EXCEPT:

	a. British ships could not anchor on Gold Coast shores
	b. No ports existed along the Gold Coast
	c. British slavers depended upon on local canoemen
	d. Canoemen inserted themselves into the African trade
	e. Canoemen were slaves from local tribes

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Marks: 1

Which of the following characterized Africans' resistance to enslavement?

	a. Revolts on slave ships
	b. Refusal to eat
	c. Suicide
	d. Adherence to African culture
	e. All of the above

.

Marks: 1

Which of the following was a consequence of the African slave trade?

	a. Africa's population decreased
	b. The African economy was strengthened
	c. Abolition facilitated the end of the trans-Saharan slave trade
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT true of the Middle Passage?

	a. The most prevalent diseases aboard slavers were smallpox and dysentery
	b. Some captives tried to starve to death
	c. The horror of the Middle Passage wiped out the socio-cultural and personal histories of Africans
	d. Some slavers carried more than 800 captives
	e. Captains and crewmembers tossed sick captives overboard

.

Marks: 1

Which was NOT a major slave trading port town in Africa?

	a. Winneba
	b. Luanda
	c. Whydah
	d. Bonny
	e. Beguela

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Marks: 1

Why was the African slave trade a "high risk" enterprise?

	a. Captives could escape or die
	b. Local traders could disappear with payment
	c. The trade was unregulated
	d. All of the above
	e. A and B

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Marks: 1

In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, wars within Africa resulted in:

	a. Treaties with European powers
	b. The exportation of prisoners across the Atlantic
	c. The ransom of prisoners
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

All of the following characterized the Ming state EXCEPT:

	a. The office of Chief Minister was abolished
	b. Hong Wu assumed the administration of China
	c. The Ta-Ming was created
	d. Scholarship declined
	e. All occupations were made hereditary

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Marks: 1

All of the following contributed to the decline of the Ming EXCEPT:

	a. Hong Wu's centralized government
	b. Powerful European trade monopolies
	c. Military expansion of Manchus
	d. Heavy taxes on commoners
	e. Rebellions

.

Marks: 1

The "warring states" period in Japan was also known as the:

	a. Muromachi period
	b. Ashikaga period
	c. Takeda period
	d. Sengoku period
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

The challenges faced by Portuguese rulers who hoped to increase their trade and influence in Asia included:

	a. The kingdom’s small population
	b. The paucity of wood and other ship-building resources
	c. Competition from neighboring European powers
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

.

Marks: 1

The Dutch East Indies Company:

	a. Was founded in 1605
	b. At one time owned more than half of the world's sea-going shipping
	c. Had entirely maritime operations until the eighteenth century
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

The first European who successfully introduced Christianity to China was:

	a. A Jesuit
	b. A Franciscan
	c. A Protestant
	d. A Nestorian Christian
	e. A Benedictine

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Marks: 1

The Ming Dynasty followed the:

	a. Qin dynasty
	b. Yuan dynasty
	c. Qing dynasty
	d. T'ang dynasty
	e. Song dynasty

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Marks: 1

Which of the following characterized Buddhism in Japan?

	a. It had existed for 2,000 years before it was brought to Japan
	b. It spread to Japan from Korea
	c. It initially encountered resistance in Japan
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

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Marks: 1

Which of the following characterized the Ming economy?

	a. Maritime commerce expanded and then contracted
	b. Crop rotation was introduced
	c. Active trade began with the Portuguese, Dutch and Japanese
	d. All of the above
	e. None of the above

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Marks: 1

Which of the following was NOT a Portuguese trading base?

	a. Dakar
	b. Goa
	c. Mozambique
	d. Hormuz
	e. Bombay

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