HIST104-FinalExam-Answers

All of the following are justifications for researching and writing about history EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Writing history will help one learn to organize historical data.
	b. Writing history will help one develop an accurate opinion about what may happen in the future.
	c. Writing about the past will help one learn about the past.
	d. Writing about history will help one understand the past better.
	e. Writing about the past will allow one to offer an interpretation of past events.

Question 2

Which of the following are ways that historians can locate primary sources for historical research?

Choose one answer.

	a. Visit a research archive
	b. Obtain a printed collection of primary-source documents from a library
	c. Use an electronic database
	d. Record an oral history
	e. All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is a CRITICAL difference between the study of history and the study of "exact" sciences?

Choose one answer.

	a. The study of history is not based on direct observation.
	b. The study of history provides a means for systemizing knowledge.
	c. The study of history relies on a recognized methodology.
	d. The study of history focuses on specific and well-defined subjects.
	e. The study of history produces broader generalizations based on specific evidence.

Question 4

Which of the following is a method for determining the context of a historical document?

Choose one answer.

	a. Determining when and where the document was created
	b. Determining what important events were taking place when the document was created
	c. Finding out information about the author of the document
	d. Figuring out why the document was created
	e. All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is a primary source?

Choose one answer.

	a. An encyclopedia
	b. A history journal article
	c. A text written by a historian
	d. A first-hand account of an event
	e. A work that discusses a past event from a historical perspective

Question 6

Which of the following is a secondary source?

Choose one answer.

	a. A list of men employed in a steel mill in 1870
	b. A biography of Alexander the Great written by a Roman historian
	c. An oral history given by a survivor of the Holocaust
	d. An editorial written during the Civil War
	e. Letters written between two royal officials during the French Revolution

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a way that historical information should be conceptualized by historians?

Choose one answer.

	a. As a timeline
	b. As a graph or chart
	c. As a map
	d. As a set of raw data
	e. As a chronological narrative

Question 8

Which of the following is the MOST CRITICAL question that researchers should ask about source materials?

Choose one answer.

	a. Where were the materials written?
	b. For whom did the writer produce the materials?
	c. How many people have used the source materials for their research?
	d. Where did the writer obtain his or her information?
	e. How long ago were the materials written?

Question 9

Why are primary sources useful for researching the past?

Choose one answer.

	a. They present the most accurate information about past events.
	b. They contain helpful analysis by historians.
	c. They offer an unbiased perspective on past events.
	d. They offer original information with little or no interpretation and analysis by later parties.
	e. They contain more information than secondary sources.

Question 10

Why are secondary sources useful for researching the past?

Choose one answer.

	a. They offer a first-person account of past events.
	b. They present a scholarly interpretation of past events.
	c. They are the most accurate sources for researching the past.
	d. They were written during the time period under study.
	e. They have few errors compared to primary sources.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a philosophical justification for studying history?

Choose one answer.

	a. Studying the past may provide guidance for dealing with the future.
	b. Studying history will provide specific guidance for dealing with the present or the future.
	c. Researching the past may reveal broader truths about human nature and society.
	d. Researching the past may uncover important events or people who have been forgotten by contemporary society.
	e. Studying the past may provide insights about one's identity or place in society.

Question 12

All of the following are important elements of a "working thesis" EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. It takes a position on an issue or a topic.
	b. It provides some specificity for the writer and potential readers.
	c. It presents an argument.
	d. It offers a general description of facts.
	e. It makes it clear what the essay will NOT be about.

Question 13

All of the following are important reasons to develop a research outline EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. To create a rigid framework that will define the project.
	b. To explore the relationship among ideas in the research project.
	c. To organize one's ideas before writing.
	d. To present research in a logical manner.
	e. To define important boundaries for the research project.

Question 14

All of the following materials need to be properly credited in a research essay in order to avoid plagiarism EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Generally accepted information or common knowledge that appears uncredited in multiple sources.
	b. Information obtained through an interview.
	c. Any illustrations, diagrams, or pictures copied from another source.
	d. Any information obtained from an electronic repository or website.
	e. More than two words copied directly from another source.

Question 15

The introduction to your research essay should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Establish the importance of your research topic
	b. Discuss your historical evidence in detail.
	c. Engage the reader.
	d. Explain why it is necessary to write about the topic.
	e. Specify the focus of the essay.

Question 16

What is the main purpose of an annotated bibliography?

Choose one answer.

	a. To list a few of the books that may be used in a research project
	b. To keep track of all the secondary-source evidence that will be used in the research project
	c. To keep track of notes from primary sources
	d. To outline important facts for the research project
	e. To organize the research project before writing begins

Question 17

When referencing other writers' thoughts and ideas in an essay, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Introduce the information to the reader.
	b. Use quotation marks to indicate direct quotations.
	c. Explain why the information is important.
	d. Avoid referencing the original writer in your discussion of the material.
	e. Provide a citation for the information.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a good topic for original historical research?

Choose one answer.

	a. A topic about which you know nothing
	b. A subject about which you have no interest
	c. A topic for which no primary sources are available
	d. A random subject, which have recently been the focus of 5 books
	e. None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a critical concern when evaluating the quality and credibility of a historical source?

Choose one answer.

	a. When it was written
	b. The language used for the source
	c. Where it was written or published
	d. Who wrote the source
	e. What were the motivations of the writer

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a type of research question that can be used to focus a research topic?

Choose one answer.

	a. Where does a specific event take place?
	b. How do two different subjects compare to each other?
	c. What were the causes or effects of the specific issue?
	d. What have others said or written about the topic?
	e. How may a particular topic be defined or explained?

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT an effective note-taking practice?

Choose one answer.

	a. Writing down quotations exactly as they appear in the original source
	b. Keeping your note cards organized either physically or electronically
	c. Writing the author's name, the work's title, and a page number on each note card
	d. Only including one idea or piece of information per note card
	e. Including as much information as possible from each source on each note card

Question 22

Which of the following is a form of research writing?

Choose one answer.

	a. Emails
	b. Works of historical fiction
	c. Personal diary
	d. Essay exams
	e. Academic journal article

Question 23

All of the following are methods used for conducting a qualitative analysis EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Developing a mathematical algorithm to analyze the data.
	b. Isolating a question or topic for analysis.
	c. Evaluating primary and secondary source evidence.
	d. Gathering primary and secondary source evidence.
	e. Interpreting the primary and secondary source evidence based on the research topic.

Question 24

All of the following are productive ways to deal with seeming discrepancies in primary source data EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. To ignore the discrepancies.
	b. To locate additional primary sources for comparison.
	c. To do further research on the areas that appear to conflict.
	d. To attempt to find similar discrepancies in other historical topics for research.
	e. To try to find explanations for why discrepancies may exist in the historical record.

Question 25

All of the following are reasons why well-articulated research questions are important for research projects EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. They help define the focus of the research.
	b. They help clarify the project for your audience.
	c. They help answer the questions posed.
	d. They help determine the scope of the project.
	e. They help establish research boundaries.

Question 26

All of the following are techniques that historians can use for performing quantitative historical analyses EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Formulating a question and then looking for numerical data to analysis the issue.
	b. Focusing on a single document and analyzing the language used to write the document.
	c. Locating a set of numerical data and thinking about questions that could be asked of the data.
	d. Comparing different sets of data to arrive at specific conclusions.
	e. Analyzing the value of the numerical data by researching how it was collected.

Question 27

All of the following should be used to identify a new research topic EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Recycling topics from previous research.
	b. Personal interests.
	c. Everyday observations.
	d. Personal experiences.
	e. Current events.

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a challenge of using quantitative data for a historical research project?

Choose one answer.

	a. It may impossible to locate quantitative data for a certain subject.
	b. It may impossible to quantify certain types of historical data.
	c. Quantitative data may not be representative due to its source.
	d. It may impossible to create a standardized method to analyze the quantitative data.
	e. Certain subjects may not be easily addressed using quantitative data.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a key difference between memory and history?

Choose one answer.

	a. Memory involves popular notions about the past.
	b. Memory produces predetermined outcomes.
	c. Memory typically relies on sentiment or metaphor.
	d. Memory sometimes provides reasonable interpretations of the past.
	e. Memory simplifies past events.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a way to identify potential bias in a primary source document?

Choose one answer.

	a. Identifying the author of the document
	b. Identifying how the document was created
	c. Identifying the intended audience of the document
	d. Identifying the reason why the document was created
	e. Identifying when the document was created

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT an example of quantitative historical data that can be used to perform a quantitative historical analysis?

Choose one answer.

	a. Property inventories
	b. Commercial business ledgers
	c. Population records
	d. Tax assessments
	e. Speeches

Question 32

Which of the following is the BEST method to use when evaluating the veracity of a primary source?

Choose one answer.

	a. It is not necessary to evaluate the veracity of a primary source.
	b. Think about whether the information in the source seems reasonable or not.
	c. Compare the primary source to a secondary source about the same event.
	d. Verify basic information in the source such as dates or places.
	e. Compare the primary source with other primary sources relating to the same event and see whether they concur or not.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT an accurate comparison of qualitative and quantitative research?

Choose one answer.

	a. Qualitative research generally focuses on describing processes, while quantitative research generally assesses specific outcomes.
	b. Qualitative research is based on narratives, while quantitative research is based on numerical data.
	c. Qualitative research only addresses social and cultural issues, while quantitative research only addresses economic and financial questions.
	d. Qualitative research produces subjective conclusions, while quantitative research attempts to offer objective analyses.
	e. Qualitative research generally depends on a number of specific sources of information, while quantitative research generally draws from large sample sizes.

Question 34

American historians of the early-20th-century Progressive School held which of the following viewpoints?

Choose one answer.

	a. Historians should focus on the lives of everyday people and relate the past to issues of the present.
	b. Historians should only focus on political issues and should not address social or economic concerns.
	c. Historians should study and write about the lives of the powerful and elite in the United States.
	d. Historians should not deal with contemporary issues and should only write about the distant past.
	e. Historians should focus on continuity in American history.

Question 35

Considered to be the "Father of Modern History" by many, who of the following historians pioneered the professional study of history at the university level?

Choose one answer.

	a. Herodotus
	b. Edward Gibbon
	c. Karl Marx
	d. George Louis Beer
	e. Leopold von Ranke

Question 36

In which of the following ways has Postmodernism challenged traditional historical methodologies?

Choose one answer.

	a. Postmodernists have questioned whether it is even possible to understand the past analytically.
	b. Postmodernists have argued that language is more important than historical evidence for analyzing the past.
	c. Postmodernists have argued that written primary sources do not reflect the reality of the past.
	d. Postmodernists have questioned whether historical truth exists.
	e. All of the above

Question 37

In which of the following ways has the "Linguistic Turn" of the 1970s and 1980s affected the study of the past?

Choose one answer.

	a. Historians no longer believe that primary sources can be used to study the past.
	b. Historians no longer believe that it is possible to study the past.
	c. Historians now depend on objects to learn about the past.
	d. Historians have turned to cultural sources as important representations of how people thought about their lives and communicated meaningful ideas with each other.
	e. Historians have turned to hard evidence in the form of newspapers and books for information about the past.

Question 38

Social history of the 1960s and 1970s was characterized by all of the following research methodologies EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Using statistics and quantitative data for analysis.
	b. Studying group behavior.
	c. Investigating everyday life.
	d. Looking for broad trends.
	e. Focusing on important political and religious leaders.

Question 39

What 20th-century historical school of thought focused on identifying enduring patterns of social and cultural change and discounted the importance of individual historical events?

Choose one answer.

	a. The Progressive School
	b. The Annales School
	c. The Radicals
	d. The Postmodernism
	e. The Consensus School

Question 40

Which of the following should be considered when evaluating a historian's political and intellectual perspective on a subject?

Choose one answer.

	a. How the historian describes or addresses controversial issues or topics
	b. Specific vocabulary that might indicate that the historian is applying certain social theories to his or her topic
	c. How the historian describes and characterizes well known, or famous, individuals
	d. Specific vocabulary that might indicate that the historian holds certain political viewpoints about his or her topic
	e. All of the above

Question 41

Which of the following statements BEST describes the evolution of history-writing in the United States?

Choose one answer.

	a. Early historians idealized America's past and focused on story-telling, while later historians approached history-writing analytically and applied various critical methodologies to their studies.
	b. Early historians applied critical analytical methods to studying America's past, while later historians used story-telling techniques to present American history.
	c. American historians have primarily used story-telling to present the history of the United States.
	d. Early historians focused on social and cultural matters, while later historians focused on political and legal issues.
	e. Early historians used class and race to discuss American history, while later historians examined economic and political issues.

Question 42

Which of the following statements offers the BEST definition of historiography?

Choose one answer.

	a. The study and analysis of books
	b. The study and analysis of past writing about the past
	c. The study and analysis of past events and topics
	d. The analysis of historical sources
	e. The collection of data about past events

Question 43

Which of the following statements offers the BEST definition of historical revisionism?

Choose one answer.

	a. Applying present-day moral values and judgments to the past
	b. Studying past historians' writings
	c. Questioning the assumptions of past historians
	d. The unending process of seeking fresh source materials and new interpretations of the past
	e. Updating older interpretations of the past

Question 44

Which of the following statements BEST describes how the study of the past has evolved over time?

Choose one answer.

	a. It began as first-person or third-person narratives, evolved into chronicles of important religious and secular events, and eventually it came to include written works with analytical methodology and clearly-identified primary sources.
	b. It began as a study or religious events and gradually evolved to include political and social topics.
	c. It began by focusing on famous individuals, evolved into a study of religious figures, and eventually came to include the common man.
	d. It began as a topic of research for priests and gradually came to include secular scholars.
	e. It began as a study of specific events and evolved into a broader analysis of past trends and themes.

Question 45

In most libraries, which of the following information can be located through online catalogues?

Choose one answer.

	a. Books
	b. Journals
	c. Photographs
	d. Documents
	e. All of the above

Question 46

Library catalogues allow researchers to search for materials by using which of the following information?

Choose one answer.

	a. Author
	b. Title
	c. Keywords
	d. Subject
	e. All of the above

Question 47

Researchers should do which of the following before beginning research on a topic at a library?

Choose one answer.

	a. Identify important concepts.
	b. Consider the types of resources necessary for the project.
	c. Consider how to search for the information.
	d. Identify important keywords for searches.
	e. All of the above

Question 48

Which of the following documents are typically housed in a special collections department in a library?

Choose one answer.

	a. Rare maps
	b. Rare books
	c. Photographs
	d. Documents
	e. All of the above

Question 49

Which of the following information is necessary to order a book through interlibrary loan?

Choose one answer.

	a. ISBN and publisher
	b. Publisher and date
	c. Author and publisher
	d. Title and author
	e. ISBN and date

Question 50

Which of the following is a MAJOR advantage of using microforms for research?

Choose one answer.

	a. They contain far more information than the typical print collection in a library.
	b. They are much easier to read than books or journals.
	c. They do not require any special equipment for viewing or copying.
	d. They are not as easy to access as books and other printed materials.
	e. They are much easier to access than books.

Question 51

Which of the following is a recommended practice when searching for research materials using an online catalogue?

Choose one answer.

	a. Search terms at random and do not record your findings.
	b. Only write down author information for each search result, and do not write down title information.
	c. Keep a physical or electronic list of all search terms used, as well as the corresponding search results.
	d. If you do not know the full title of a work, do not try searching for it in the catalogue.
	e. Only record information for results that are an exact match for your research topic.

Question 52

Which of the following is the procedure commonly used to request research materials in special collections departments and archives?

Choose one answer.

	a. Researchers may go into the library stacks, or archival storage area, and locate the item for themselves.
	b. Researchers must tell the title and catalogue number of the research item to a staff member orally and wait for the staff member to deliver the item.
	c. Researchers should fill out request slips online, and then items will be waiting for them when they arrive in the library or archive.
	d. Researchers must fill out a call slip for each research item, present the call slip to a staff member, and wait for the item(s) to be delivered to the researcher.
	e. Researchers are not allowed to fill out call slips for items, only staff members may perform this task.

Question 53

Which of the following items are commonly banned from special collections departments in libraries?

Choose one answer.

	a. Laptops
	b. Backpacks and purses
	c. Pencils
	d. Scratch paper
	e. Erasers

Question 54

Which of the following materials CANNOT be ordered through interlibrary loan?

Choose one answer.

	a. Journal articles
	b. Books
	c. Microfilm
	d. Rare documents
	e. Dissertations

Question 55

Which of the following is a KEY difference between public libraries and academic libraries?

Choose one answer.

	a. Academic libraries have Interlibrary Loan programs, while public libraries do not.
	b. Public libraries serve a narrow audience, while academic libraries serve a broad audience.
	c. Public libraries serve a broad community audience, while academic libraries serve a specialized audience of university students and faculty.
	d. Academic libraries provide a variety of media for researchers, while public libraries only house books.
	e. Academic libraries only have one branch, while public libraries may have multiple branches.

Question 56

Access to archival collections may be restricted in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Researchers may be able to view collections but not make copies of the materials
	b. Researchers may be required to pay for access to each item in the archival collection
	c. The general public, or researchers with only a college-level education, may be restricted from accessing the collection
	d. Researchers may need prior permission of the library or archive
	e. Prior written permission from the donor may be necessary in order to view the collection

Question 57

Archival researchers should conduct background research on their topics and arrive at the archive with which of the following pieces of information?

Choose one answer.

	a. Significant names of individuals
	b. Important dates or periods of time
	c. Important events
	d. Possible archival collections that may be examined
	e. All of the above

Question 58

In what ways can archivists assist researchers with their projects?

Choose one answer.

	a. They can perform interlibrary loan requests.
	b. They can locate books and other printed materials for researchers.
	c. They can conduct research on documents and objects.
	d. They can provide a wide range of information about each document in the archive's collections.
	e. They can answer general questions about documents in the archive's collections and suggest items that may be of interest to the researcher.

Question 59

Researchers should do all of the following when visiting an archive EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Take good notes, or digital copies, of materials examined.
	b. Handle documents carefully.
	c. Call or email beforehand to discuss research subject with archive staff.
	d. Examine documents from different collections at the same time.
	e. Examine the archives' online catalogue or finding aids beforehand.

Question 60

Which of the following in NOT an implicit advantage of using digital tools, such as computers and cameras, for archival research?

Choose one answer.

	a. Portability of notes and digital images
	b. Ease of access to notes and digital images of documents
	c. Ability to make multiple copies and backups of notes and images in a brief period of time
	d. Ease of locating important documents in archival collections
	e. Ability to perform keyword searches on notes

Question 61

Which of the following is a challenge of using digital cameras for archival research?

Choose one answer.

	a. Limited battery life
	b. May not be permitted in some archives
	c. Limited storage space on memory cards
	d. Organization of large numbers of digital images
	e. All of the above

Question 62

Which of the following is generally considered a manuscript?

Choose one answer.

	a. An unpublished document
	b. A website
	c. A newspaper article
	d. A published book
	e. An article in a journal

Question 63

Which of the following may be considered defines an archive?

Choose one answer.

	a. An organization that collects and maintains records of individuals, families, and other organizations.
	b. A facility that houses and maintains historical records.
	c. A published collection of primary sources or scholarly writings.
	d. Materials created by individuals, families, and organizations in conduct of daily affairs and preserved for others.
	e. All of the above

Question 64

Which of the following precautions should always be used when working with rare or fragile archival documents?

Choose one answer.

	a. Cotton gloves
	b. Foam cradles
	c. Dust masks
	d. Only use pencils for taking notes
	e. Weighted bookmarks

Question 65

Which of the following resources can be used to locate collections of archival documents?

Choose one answer.

	a. Online archive search engines
	b. Collections lists on research library websites
	c. Contacting archivists by telephone or email
	d. Finding aids for individual archives
	e. All of the above

Question 66

Archival finding aids typically provide all of the following information about archival collections EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. A brief history of the collection.
	b. An inventory of the collection.
	c. Information about the scope of the collection.
	d. Transcripts of documents in the collection.
	e. Catalogue numbers for items in the archival collection.

Question 67

All of the following are possible advantages of using traditional library resources over Internet resources EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Resources are organized by a standard classification system.
	b. Higher quality resources are found at a traditional library.
	c. The library staff provides assistance in finding resources.
	d. Hours of operation are more convenient at a library.
	e. There is an availability of unique or unusual historical items in a library's collection.

Question 68

Researchers should do all of the following when preparing to conduct research using Internet-based sources EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Begin research immediately and evaluate the goals of the research work after numerous sources have been located.
	b. Determine what specific kinds of information they hope to locate.
	c. Determine which types of Internet sources will provide the most credible information for their research.
	d. Determine which types of Internet sources are most likely to provide biased or inaccurate information.
	e. Determine whether they wish to locate basic facts, opinions, or scholarly analyses.

Question 69

Researchers should prioritize all of the following factors when evaluating the credibility of a website EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. The qualifications of the webpage's author or designer.
	b. Evidence of quality control.
	c. The anonymity of the webpage's author or designer.
	d. The nation in which the website is located.
	e. Poor grammar and spelling mistakes throughout the website.

Question 70

Researchers should prioritize all of the following factors when evaluating the origins of the information presented on a website EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. The specific origin of the information.
	b. Whether citations are provided for the information.
	c. Whether the information can be confirmed by other sources.
	d. The language in which the information is presented.
	e. Whether the information seems consistent with other sources.

Question 71

When evaluating the quality of information on a website, researchers should prioritize all of the following factors EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Reasonableness of the information on the website.
	b. The sources used to support the opinions presented on the website.
	c. The style and design of the website.
	d. Accuracy of the information or opinions presented on the website.
	e. Credibility of the website.

Question 72

When seeking clarification about a research topic or subject, researchers should examine which of the following online resources first?

Choose one answer.

	a. A search engine
	b. A discussion group or listserv
	c. A blog
	d. An electronic database
	e. A subject directory, such as an encyclopedia

Question 73

Which of the following is NOT a question that researchers must consider when evaluating the utility of primary-source documents on the Internet?

Choose one answer.

	a. Does the origin of the documents clearly appear on the website?
	b. How rare or unusual are the documents on the website?
	c. How are the documents reproduced on the website?
	d. Who maintains the website on which the primary-source documents appear?
	e. Does the document website have a specific agenda or possible bias?

Question 74

Which of the following resources are available online in full-text?

Choose one answer.

	a. Books, journals, and magazines published in the United States during the 19th Century
	b. Poems, articles, and essays written during the 18th Century
	c. The complete works of William Shakespeare
	d. Works of literature written in England during the 15th, 16th, and 17th Centuries
	e. All of the above

Question 75

Why are online subject directories useful for searching for information about a specific topic or subject?

Choose one answer.

	a. Online subject directories often provide multiple links that relate to a particular topic and may be organized and maintained by experts in a particular field.
	b. Online subject directories often contain more information than printed directories found in libraries.
	c. Online subject directories contain links to websites not available through search engine searches.
	d. Online subject directories provide more accurate information than websites located through search engine searches.
	e. Online subject directories are more accurate than reference librarians.

Question 76

Why is it important for researchers to consult more than one search engine when looking for online resources about a topic or subject?

Choose one answer.

	a. Search engines may deliberately exclude relevant websites from a search.
	b. Evaluating a website's popularity ranking in multiple search engines will indicate the value of the website to the researcher.
	c. Not every relevant online resource will appear in a single search engine's database.
	d. If the same website appears in different search engine searches, it will be more useful than a website that only appears in a single search engine search.
	e. Search engines may include irrelevant websites in a search for a particular topic.

Question 77

All of the following are possible advantages of Internet resources over traditional library resources EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Transient nature of many resources
	b. Up-to-date information
	c. Convenience
	d. Ease of use
	e. Diversity of information

Question 78

In audience analysis, researchers can look at which of the following sources of information to study how groups responded to various elements of "pop culture"?

Choose one answer.

	a. Opinion polls
	b. Advertising
	c. User reviews
	d. A and B
	e. A and C

Question 79

In production analysis, researchers evaluate which of the following sources of information to study how "pop culture" is produced?

Choose one answer.

	a. Who created the content
	b. Who owns or controls the companies that produced the content
	c. Who consumed the content
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

Question 80

When attempting to determine who lived at a particular address at a particular time, all of the following historical records are useful EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. City directories.
	b. Telephone books.
	c. Census records.
	d. Maps.
	e. Municipal records.

Question 81

When interpreting a historical object, all of the following characteristics are of great importance EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. The purpose of the object.
	b. The style of the object.
	c. The current price of the object.
	d. Possible symbolic elements or details on the object.
	e. How the object was constructed or crafted.

Question 82

When researching the history of a building or structure, which of the following pieces of information are useful?

Choose one answer.

	a. Building permits and tax records
	b. Land maps and city directories
	c. Current blueprints of the structure and photographs
	d. A and B
	e. B and C

Question 83

Which of the following are issues that oral history researchers should consider as they conduct their research?

Choose one answer.

	a. The types of questions to ask the interviewee
	b. The setting for the interview
	c. How to record or document the interview
	d. The accuracy of the interviewee's memories
	e. All of the above

Question 84

Which of the following is a possible disadvantage of depending on oral history for historical research?

Choose one answer.

	a. Oral history may provide information unavailable through archival research.
	b. Oral history may challenge traditional interpretations of historical events.
	c. Oral history tends to focus on particular individuals and obscures broader political and cultural forces at work in society.
	d. Oral history offers personal accounts of significant events.
	e. All of the above

Question 85

Which of the following is an advantage of using oral history interviews for historical research?

Choose one answer.

	a. Interviews may provide insights about what "ordinary people" thought about significant historical events.
	b. Subjects may provide information about everyday life during a period of time.
	c. Interviews may shed new light on past events.
	d. Subjects may provide new interpretive perspectives on past events.
	e. All of the above

Question 86

Which of the following is considered an element of "pop culture" and can be used to study the past?

Choose one answer.

	a. Movies
	b. Advertising
	c. Fashion
	d. Television
	e. All of the above

Question 87

Which of the following pieces of information is helpful for determining the historical background of a material object?

Choose one answer.

	a. Photographs that show the object
	b. The family history of the owner of the object
	c. Original purchase receipts for the object
	d. Diaries or journals of the original owner of the object
	e. All of the above

Question 88

Oral history research involves all of the following activities EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Confronting the interviewee with information that disputes his or her recollection.
	b. Verifying the information from the interview.
	c. Analyzing the results of the interview.
	d. Placing the information from the interview in historical context.
	e. Conducting preliminary research on a topic.

Question 89

All of the following are advantages of academic journal articles over traditional academic books EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Journal articles are easier to access electronically than books.
	b. Journal articles are easier to copy and print than books.
	c. Journal articles provide a better outlet for specialized academic subjects.
	d. Journal articles contain more accurate information than academic books.
	e. Journal articles provide more up-to-date information than academic books.

Question 90

All of the following steps are necessary parts of publishing an academic book manuscript EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Revising the manuscript based on the outside readers' recommendations.
	b. Going on a book tour once the manuscript is published.
	c. Submitting a proposal to a publisher.
	d. Preparing a manuscript.
	e. Having the manuscript reviewed by outside readers.

Question 91

Historians working for the federal government are likely to perform all of the following tasks EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Writing histories of individual agencies
	b. Teaching classes about important topics in American history
	c. Providing briefings on relevant historical issues
	d. Performing reference tasks for others within their agency
	e. Offering policy recommendations based on historical research

Question 92

Historical consultants perform which of the following tasks for private firms and public agencies?

Choose one answer.

	a. Provide historical information for law firms conducting litigation on certain topics
	b. Survey potential historical resources on a building site for a private developer
	c. Assist with the production of exhibits for a small museum
	d. Advise production firms about historical issues relating to movies or television programs
	e. All of the above

Question 93

Personnel with education in history generally perform all of the following jobs in the museum field EXCEPT:

Choose one answer.

	a. Collections managers
	b. Museum education
	c. Conservator
	d. Facilities maintenance
	e. Curators

Question 94

Personnel with education in history generally perform which of the following jobs in the archival field?

Choose one answer.

	a. Processing new collections for storage and use by the public
	b. Preservation and conservation of archival materials
	c. Reference services
	d. Acquisition of new materials
	e. All of the above

Question 95

What is the primary objective of historical preservation programs and organizations?

Choose one answer.

	a. To recreate historical structures using modern materials and building techniques for the education of the general public
	b. To move historical structures from their original location to museums and storage facilities
	c. To create museum exhibits that highlight the importance of specific historical sites and structures
	d. To identify, evaluate, preserve, and interpret historically and culturally significant sites and structures
	e. To conduct research on historically and culturally significant sites and structures, as well as to educate the general public through talks and presentations

Question 96

What is the primary objective of living history programs within museums and other educational organizations?

Choose one answer.

	a. To engage the public by providing an environment filled with objects and characters that focus attention on life in past times
	b. To study the past by recreating living and working conditions that are as close to the past as possible
	c. To encourage the public to read more books about the past
	d. To entertain the public by showing them the differences between the past and the present
	e. To remind the public about the importance of museums

Question 97

Which of the following is a significant advantage of using Internet-based websites to present topics of historical significance?

Choose one answer.

	a. The electronic format of websites allows historians to put together large collections of historical materials without concerns about exhibit space or preservation issues.
	b. Websites are less likely to experience technical problems than museum exhibits.
	c. Websites are more enjoyable than traditional museum exhibits.
	d. Websites are easier to organize than exhibits in museums.
	e. Historical materials look better on a website than in a museum.

Question 98

Which of the following skills are recommended for teaching history at the college level?

Choose one answer.

	a. General historical knowledge
	b. Specialized historical knowledge in international topics
	c. Teaching experience
	d. Experience conducting research
	e. All of the above

Question 99

Why have trained historians become more relevant in the museum profession in recent years?

Choose one answer.

	a. Many museums now strive to highlight the broader historical context of objects in their collections.
	b. Many museums no longer focus on historical education.
	c. Due to budget shortages, museums can only afford to hire historians.
	d. Museums require historians to research the origins of objects in their collections.
	e. Museums depend on historians to care for objects in their collections.

Question 100

Which of the following is a MAJOR difference between teaching careers at community colleges and graduate universities?

Choose one answer.

	a. Professors at community colleges generally teach American history courses, while professors at graduate universities generally teach international history courses.
	b. Professors at community colleges generally have graduate-level training, while professors at graduate universities do not.
	c. Professors at community colleges typically teach introductory survey sources and do not conduct original research, while professors at graduate universities teach survey and advanced courses and conduct original research.
	d. Professors at graduate universities do not teach survey courses, while professors at community colleges only teach survey courses.
	e. Professors at graduate universities do not teach, while professors at community colleges teach.