a. The Gulf of Mexico | ||
b. The Appalachian Mountains | ||
c. Newfoundland | ||
d. Massachusetts | ||
e. Oregon Country |
a. The Pacific Ocean | ||
b. The Sea of China and the Indies | ||
c. Canada | ||
d. The Great Lakes | ||
e. Louisiana |
a. Indonesia | ||
b. Japan | ||
c. The extreme eastern coast of Asia | ||
d. India | ||
e. Australia |
a. West of Virginia | ||
b. West of Massachusetts | ||
c. West of New York | ||
d. Adjacent to Oregon | ||
e. An island |
a. Marlowe | ||
b. Shakespeare | ||
c. Bacon | ||
d. Chaucer | ||
e. Sidney |
a. He wanted to eradicate piracy in the New World. | ||
b. He sought profit through the Virginia Company. | ||
c. He was avoiding execution in London. | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. It offered a sea trade route around North America. | ||
b. It offered a new route to the trading nations of Asia. | ||
c. There was no sea route across North America. | ||
d. It encouraged exploration of North America. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. French financiers and merchants wanted to expand their markets. | ||
b. Italian financiers and merchants wanted to expand their markets. | ||
c. He wanted to compete with Ferdinand Magellan. | ||
d. He wanted to conquer the Muslim world. | ||
e. None of the above |
a. To capture Spanish ships | ||
b. To capture French ships | ||
c. To find a passage to China | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both A and C |
a. Copper | ||
b. Guns or gunpowder | ||
c. Food | ||
d. Rum | ||
e. Gold |
a. Ensure the maintenance of the city-state | ||
b. Increase crop yield | ||
c. Encourage plentiful rainfall | ||
d. Maintain the universe | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Smallpox | ||
b. Influenza | ||
c. Bubonic plague | ||
d. Hemorrhagic fevers | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Colonization and conquest by Europeans | ||
b. Introduction of a foreign population | ||
c. Resistance by indigenous peoples | ||
d. Conflict between rival colonial powers and eventual control by one power | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Catastrophic crop failures | ||
b. Spread of highly contagious diseases among those with no immunity | ||
c. Failure to rotate crops | ||
d. Illness among European settlers arriving in the New World | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Battles with Spanish conquistadors | ||
b. A smallpox epidemic | ||
c. Surrounding city-states | ||
d. Civil war | ||
e. Conflicts with the Incas |
a. They signified fealty. | ||
b. They forged an alliance. | ||
c. They reflected respect. | ||
d. They encouraged commerce. | ||
e. They encouraged consumerism. |
a. Because of an unsuitable geography | ||
b. Because of a lack of slave labor supply | ||
c. Because of continued strife between France and England | ||
d. Because of resistance from the Caribs | ||
e. Because of a lack of suitable harbors |
a. A man who works with wood | ||
b. New visitor | ||
c. A sailor from the East | ||
d. Uncultured | ||
e. Fisherman |
a. London | ||
b. Genoa | ||
c. Naples | ||
d. Lisbon | ||
e. Nantes |
a. Hochelaga | ||
b. Saguenay | ||
c. Donnacona | ||
d. Anticosti | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Plunder and conquer | ||
b. Convert native people to Christianity | ||
c. Discover new scientific discoveries | ||
d. Embrace new cultures | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Personal journals and correspondence | ||
b. Accounts by Antonio Pigafetta | ||
c. Records found in Lisbon | ||
d. Voyage logbooks | ||
e. None of the above |
a. To establish new trade routes | ||
b. To build a spice trade with the East Indies | ||
c. To convert Africans to Christianity | ||
d. To compete with the Spanish Empire | ||
e. All of the above |
a. The local Indians were hostile to Europeans. | ||
b. French reinforcements failed to arrive. | ||
c. He had not landed in China. | ||
d. The country was barren and inhospitable. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. To convert Indians to Christianity | ||
b. To profit through the Quinto Real | ||
c. To establish a slave-trading base | ||
d. To satisfy the wishes of the Viceroy at Veracruz | ||
e. All of the above |
a. He was an English nobleman. | ||
b. He was a relative of Henry VII. | ||
c. He sought and received backing from England, because neither Spain nor Portugal endorsed Cabot's voyages. | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. New communication and trades routes being established | ||
b. The decimation and extinction of Native Americans | ||
c. Domination at the end of the 16th century by Spain | ||
d. Competition among European nations | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Puerto Rico | ||
b. Jamaica | ||
c. Cuba | ||
d. Barbados | ||
e. Hispaniola |
a. The Habsburg hegemony | ||
b. Minimum threats from other European powers | ||
c. European nations' lack of interest in New World conquests | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. Jews | ||
b. Moors | ||
c. Huguenots | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. Exploit their labor | ||
b. Civilize them | ||
c. Convert them to Roman Catholicism | ||
d. Collect tribute from them | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Measles | ||
b. Yellow Fever | ||
c. Malaria | ||
d. Smallpox | ||
e. Tuberculosis |
a. Spain | ||
b. Portugal | ||
c. The Netherlands | ||
d. England | ||
e. France |
a. He plotted a course for Japan. | ||
b. He brought along an Arabic interpreter. | ||
c. He carried a letter intended for the "grand khan." | ||
d. He intended to compete with Portugal for wealth in Asia. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. He participated in slave raids. | ||
b. He was part of indigenous wars on the island of Hispanola. | ||
c. He led the conquest of the Incas. | ||
d. He was a wealthy encomendero in Panama. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. It regulated trade in the Americas. | ||
b. It appointed colonial officials. | ||
c. It regulated church affairs in the Americas. | ||
d. It monitored Spanish production. | ||
e. It was located in Veracruz. |
a. Claiming North America for England. | ||
b. Searching for gold and silver. | ||
c. Cultivating tobacco. | ||
d. Establishing trade with the Indians. | ||
e. Harvesting natural land resources. |
a. James I | ||
b. The London Company | ||
c. The Virginia Company | ||
d. Sir Francis Drake | ||
e. Sir Walter Raleigh |
a. Cap Rouge | ||
b. Fort St. Louis | ||
c. Fort Caroline | ||
d. St. Augustine | ||
e. Arcadia |
a. England and France | ||
b. France and Spain | ||
c. Spain and Portugal | ||
d. England and Portugal | ||
e. France and Portugal |
a. Piracy | ||
b. Settlement | ||
c. Sugar cultivation | ||
d. Tobacco cultivation | ||
e. Fur trading |
a. The London Company | ||
b. The Plymouth Company | ||
c. The Royal African Company | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. To hunt whales | ||
b. To forge alliances with local Indians | ||
c. To survey the land | ||
d. To prospect for silver | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Because of warfare with local Indians | ||
b. Because of starvation of settlers | ||
c. Because of conflict with Portuguese settlers | ||
d. Because of continuing conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in France | ||
e. None of the above |
a. It was to be commercial venture. | ||
b. It was to be a colony for French Huguenots. | ||
c. It was to be a penal colony. | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. The bubonic plague | ||
b. The Great Famine | ||
c. Religious wars | ||
d. The Age of Discovery | ||
e. The Columbian Exchange |
a. Urbanization. | ||
b. Anti-absolutism. | ||
c. Decentralized states. | ||
d. Navigation Acts. | ||
e. Anti-Catholicism. |
a. Deism. | ||
b. Humanism. | ||
c. Belief in progress. | ||
d. Criticism of routine tradition. | ||
e. Adherence to republican beliefs. |
a. Purchase Martinique. | ||
b. Levy tariffs on domestic manufactures. | ||
c. Establish trading "factories" in India. | ||
d. Prohibit the export of money. | ||
e. Encourage settlement in Louisiana and St. Domingue. |
a. England. | ||
b. The Netherlands. | ||
c. Prussia. | ||
d. The Hanseatic League. | ||
e. City-states in Northern Italy. |
a. Leaders ruled by "divine right." | ||
b. Sovereignty was embodied in a single person. | ||
c. Subjects were bound to obey the sovereign. | ||
d. Leaders were obligated to respect the fundamental laws of the land. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. A form of economic warfare | ||
b. A treaty with the Portuguese | ||
c. An entry into war with the French | ||
d. An economic compromise with the Spanish | ||
e. All of the above |
a. The Portuguese pushed Spain out of South America. | ||
b. Spain failed to enter the profitable Atlantic slave trade. | ||
c. The Spanish Armada was defeated by the English. | ||
d. The Netherlands defeated their Spanish occupiers. | ||
e. Spain's population declined as a result of the bubonic plague and the Inquisition. |
a. To facilitate their fur trade | ||
b. To establish a whaling trading network | ||
c. To compete with the Danish fur trade | ||
d. To facilitate the cod trade with Europe | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Pilgrims | ||
b. Puritans | ||
c. Calvinists | ||
d. Huguenots | ||
e. Anabaptists |
a. Ohio | ||
b. Wisconsin | ||
c. Illinois | ||
d. New Orleans | ||
e. Kentucky |
a. Ending the Iroquois fur blockade | ||
b. Defeating hostile British settlers | ||
c. Ending Indian raids on the colony | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both A and C |
a. Land | ||
b. Fur | ||
c. Indian alliances | ||
d. Fish | ||
e. Gunpowder |
a. The Compagnie de Saint-Christophe | ||
b. The Royal Africa Company | ||
c. The Compagnie des Indes occidentales | ||
d. The Compagnie des Isles d'Amérique | ||
e. The Dutch West India Company |
a. To convert Indians to Christianity | ||
b. To enlarge the fur trade network | ||
c. To find the Northwest Passage | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. To curb British expansion | ||
b. To destroy the native Indian powers | ||
c. To curb Spanish expansion | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both A and C |
a. To marginalize the hostile Mohawk | ||
b. To protect the settlement at Quebec | ||
c. To promote the French fur trade | ||
d. For the Huron's high-quality furs | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Compete with English colonies. | ||
b. Promote settlement. | ||
c. Encourage economic development. | ||
d. Introduce feudalism. | ||
e. Foster strong ties with Louis XIV's French state. |
a. Trinidad | ||
b. Nevis | ||
c. British Honduras | ||
d. Tobago | ||
e. British Guiana |
a. Plantation system | ||
b. Common system | ||
c. Patroon system | ||
d. Feudal system | ||
e. Slavery |
a. Free whites | ||
b. Black slaves | ||
c. Free people of color | ||
d. Indentured servants | ||
e. Convict servants |
a. Cutting sugarcane | ||
b. Harvesting coffee | ||
c. Growing tobacco | ||
d. Cutting logwood | ||
e. None of the above |
a. A trade monopoly | ||
b. A feudal society | ||
c. A utopian experiment | ||
d. A buffer between Virginia and Spanish Florida | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Sugar | ||
b. Indigo | ||
c. Breadfruit | ||
d. Ginger | ||
e. Tobacco |
a. There was no gold. | ||
b. The indigenous population was decimated. | ||
c. There was no silver. | ||
d. Cuba proved more profitable. | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Enslaved laborers were emancipated. | ||
b. Afro-Guyanese departed plantations. | ||
c. Imported Portuguese laborers pursued work in retail. | ||
d. Imported Chinese laborers gravitated toward the urban economy. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. To escape religious hostility in the Netherlands | ||
b. To escape religious persecution in England | ||
c. To avoid conflict with the Anabaptists | ||
d. To establish a trade monopoly in Massachusetts Bay | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Higher taxes. | ||
b. Intendencias. | ||
c. Trade restrictions. | ||
d. Direct military control. | ||
e. The liberalization of commerce. |
a. Christianization | ||
b. The welfare of indigenous people | ||
c. The assimilation into Spanish culture | ||
d. The provision of free labor | ||
e. The protection of the inhabitants |
a. The Spanish had superior firepower. | ||
b. The Spanish forged an alliance with tribal enemies of the Aztecs. | ||
c. The Aztecs were inundated with smallpox. | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. Through mercantilism | ||
b. Through the balance of trade | ||
c. Through the establishment of a feudal society | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. African slaves | ||
b. Brazilwood | ||
c. Silver | ||
d. Sugar | ||
e. Indian slaves |
a. Viceroy | ||
b. Audencia | ||
c. Quinto | ||
d. Peninsulares | ||
e. Casta |
a. A majority of the inhabitants were Native Americans. | ||
b. Corn production was an important part of the economic infrastructure. | ||
c. It was funded by the viceroyalty of New Spain. | ||
d. Most of the Spanish inhabitants were Franciscan monks. | ||
e. It did not provide a net profit to the Spanish crown. |
a. As a result of the effects of the Age of Revolutions | ||
b. As a result of the effects of Bourbon Reforms | ||
c. To curb British and Portuguese expansion | ||
d. To drive out Dutch slave traders | ||
e. All of the above |
a. To control pirates | ||
b. To avoid excess taxes | ||
c. To control colonial trade | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. Whites were not suited to the climate. | ||
b. It was a natural by-product of colonization. | ||
c. A proletariat would not develop. | ||
d. There was a labor shortage in the sugar islands. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. Exploiting Indians. | ||
b. Stealing Indians' gold and silver. | ||
c. Infecting Indians with disease. | ||
d. Sending Indians to Europe as chattel. | ||
e. Acting cruelly toward Indians. |
a. To stimulate economic growth | ||
b. To serve as mercenaries in wars with indigenous Indians | ||
c. To boost the profits of the John Law Company | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both A and C |
a. Blacks | ||
b. Spaniards | ||
c. Indians | ||
d. All of the above | ||
e. None of the above |
a. To cultivate tobacco and other crops | ||
b. Because of a labor shortage on the island | ||
c. Because of a lack of an established African slave trade | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. Ethiopians | ||
b. Islamic Moors | ||
c. Slave traders | ||
d. Catholic missionaries | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Importation of bozales | ||
b. Decline of Tainos | ||
c. Portuguese slave raiding | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. Slavery was more profitable than indentured servitude. | ||
b. Slavery was an adaptable system. | ||
c. Slaves became a valuable commodity. | ||
d. Britain had an increasing appetite for slave-grown produce. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. To compete with the African slave trade | ||
b. To repay debts in Europe | ||
c. To exterminate hostile Indian tribes | ||
d. To undermine enemy nations | ||
e. To fund economic expansion |
a. Competition over the fur trade | ||
b. Competition over the fishing trade | ||
c. Religious conflict | ||
d. Competition for control of North America | ||
e. All of the above |
a. To control the North American continent | ||
b. To control the Mississippi River | ||
c. To control access to the Gulf of Mexico | ||
d. To eradicate Indians | ||
e. None of the above |
a. Find a trade route to China | ||
b. Claim Newfoundland for the Netherlands | ||
c. Establish New Netherland in North America | ||
d. Find a trade route to India | ||
e. Monopolize the Swedish fur trade |
a. War of the Austrian Succession | ||
b. Queen Anne's War | ||
c. The American Revolution | ||
d. The Anglo-Powhatan Wars | ||
e. King Philip's War |
a. Colonists' hunger for land | ||
b. Enmity between colonists and local Indians | ||
c. Religious conflicts in Europe | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. Fort Louisbourg was returned to the French. | ||
b. Madras was returned to the British. | ||
c. Prewar colonial borders were restored. | ||
d. All of the above | ||
e. A and C only |
a. It was founded in 1555 as a haven for Huguenots. | ||
b. It was founded in 1555 as a haven for Catholics. | ||
c. It was founded in 1555 to defeat Brazilian slave catchers. | ||
d. Both A and B | ||
e. Both B and C |
a. The French and Indian War was the culmination of over a century of Anglo-French conflict. | ||
b. The French and Indian War was primarily fought on frontiers. | ||
c. The French and Indian War was a global conflict. | ||
d. The French and Indian War was also known as the Seven Years' War. | ||
e. All of the above |
a. British smuggling in Spanish colonies | ||
b. Spain's seizure of British ships | ||
c. Spain's confiscation of British ships in Spanish ports | ||
d. A dispute over the Spanish succession | ||
e. All of the above |
a. The enslavement of Indians | ||
b. The role of missionaries in colonial governance | ||
c. The contest over land between Portugal and Spain | ||
d. The role of Guarani Indians in colonial society | ||
e. All of the above |