a. must be willing to countermand marginal decisions. | ||
b. must never override his or her own thoughts and opinions in favor of the rest of the group's. | ||
c. must act as both a buffer and interface between his or her team and those the team is working with and/or for. | ||
d. must not hold a different position in the decision-making process. |
a. equipment and materials requirements, unsourced quotes, and possibilities of future work. | ||
b. conference and meeting notes, reports of field work, and problematic experiments. | ||
c. scheduling considerations, process analysis, and questions for discussion. | ||
d. legal and ethical issues, flaws in project design, and testing procedures. |
a. the current activities and goals being engaged. | ||
b. tabulated testing data results showing performance of design. | ||
c. the impact of events on work schedule and deadlines. | ||
d. additional resources wanted or needed to complete the project. |
a. Underestimating the competition | ||
b. Exploring additional capabilities | ||
c. Relying on technological superiority | ||
d. Not fulfilling customer needs |
a. produce an artistic interpretation of a design for marketing. | ||
b. convince customers that work is being done. | ||
c. fully and clearly define requirements for engineered items. | ||
d. help the brainstorming process by taking engineers away from calculations and thinking artistically. |
a. be quiet and modest. | ||
b. always stop and think about where you want to go with a project at every step along the way. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. monitoring project progress. | ||
b. eliminating wastage. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Managerial skills and interpersonal skills | ||
b. Individual autonomy skills and interpersonal skills | ||
c. Individual autonomy skills and managerial skills | ||
d. Interpersonal skills and task devotion skills |
a. An ill-designed problem or purpose | ||
b. Open-ended design problems with a wide variety of potential solutions | ||
c. An ill-structured problem, which cannot be solved with simple algorithms | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Identifying early the tasks that must be achieved and keeping steadfast to your approach | ||
b. Understanding the resources (money, personnel, facilities, and time available), but being willing to ignore those resources to achieve the perfect design | ||
c. Making sure that there is an overlap of tasks by different team members to insure things are always accomplished | ||
d. Identifying the specific tasks that must be accomplished for each element of the project |
a. Making sure to understand customer desires while engaging in design | ||
b. Leveraging design risks against optimal profit potential | ||
c. Applying a stage-gate process from initial investigation to final design delivery | ||
d. Using cross disciplinary teams, which allow engineers to understand the business directives and managers to understand the technology development |
a. A metric comparison tool used to present and organize the various measurable design criteria | ||
b. A table used to collect various benchmarking results found | ||
c. A project-planning tool used to represent the timing of tasks required to complete a project | ||
d. A tool used to organize the project tasks of each team member, organized by individual ranking within the group |
a. The production of a drawing, which shows the function and workings of a thing or device to be built or made | ||
b. A systematic process for things/devices whose form and function achieve stated objectives given certain constraints | ||
c. The thought process of an engineer when formulating an idea to pursue | ||
d. A loose set of rules meant to constrain the decision making process to guarantee a predetermined outcome |
a. Creating a title page | ||
b. Developing an executive summary | ||
c. Collecting and organizing figures, tables, and formulas used in your design | ||
d. Creating an outline |
a. focus directly on the problem as it appears to others. | ||
b. work toward a solution without suggesting something is wrong, so as to prevent negative reactions. | ||
c. not look back if the problem appears to be fixed; always look forward. | ||
d. identify whether the problem is a tangible action that can be influenced. |
a. Don't address problems encountered unless they will require you to adjust deliverables. | ||
b. Be sure to include the project description even if it is a later progress report. | ||
c. Be willing to propose changes in the project requirements if necessary. | ||
d. Beware of promising early completion of deliverables even if they appear easy to meet. |
a. task interdependencies. | ||
b. the metrics appropriate to each task. | ||
c. project milestones. | ||
d. start and end points of each task. |
a. include as much information as you can so as to present the full scope of the work. | ||
b. use catchy visual format changes and transitions that keep the audience in suspense during the presentation. | ||
c. ensure that the visual aid can serve as a standalone presentation of the material. | ||
d. ensure that every visual aid serves a distinct purpose within your presentation. |
a. It is not important to label your sketches. | ||
b. Sketches do not need to be precise | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Problem definition | ||
b. Methodology | ||
c. Design description | ||
d. Evaluation |
a. Marketing the final product | ||
b. Generating design concepts | ||
c. Prototyping and simulating a design | ||
d. Identifying the problem |
a. The work itself. | ||
b. Recognition of one's work. | ||
c. The ability to present problems to authority. | ||
d. Opportunity for advancement. |
a. Enabling failure within the group | ||
b. Encouraging lighthearted laughter at other team member's actions | ||
c. Using plural pronouns to describe decisions, such as "we decided" and "our decision" | ||
d. Establishing rules the group should adhere to |
a. Design notebooks. | ||
b. Phone calls with customer. | ||
c. Presentations with customer. | ||
d. Final report. |
a. Extending the deadline | ||
b. Getting the deliverable redesigned to something practical to achieve | ||
c. Pursuing, or even demanding, more resources to scale up efforts | ||
d. Pushing forward with a delivery that does not meet criteria but is accomplished on time |
a. The report can use passive or active voice, as long as it is kept consistent. | ||
b. Writing should be done at roughly an eighth-grade level for clarity. | ||
c. The report should be broken up into sections and subsections, with at least one heading per page. | ||
d. Paragraphs should have only one idea unless they appear too short. |
a. Present your information as a flowing narrative. | ||
b. Repeat important points multiple times. | ||
c. Speak toward the understanding of your audience; some audiences will need greater explanations than others. | ||
d. Make the information the dominant focal point, because it is more important than your personality. |
a. A planner with a long-term goal. | ||
b. A provider with access to materials and information a team may need. | ||
c. A protector who will help a team through problems. | ||
d. A peer who is careful not to exert an authoritative role above other members. |
a. It serves as the official documentation for patenting. | ||
b. The notebook's audience is the author, not outside individuals. | ||
c. It should be kept formatted consistently and treated as formal documentation. | ||
d. Its main purpose it to record experimental results from testing. |
a. Dates of entries. | ||
b. Notes explaining your calculations and sketches. | ||
c. Your contact information. | ||
d. Transcripts of conversations with resources. |
a. A list of design metrics | ||
b. Current technology research results | ||
c. An estimation of the project cost | ||
d. A prototype testing time frame |
a. They allow individuals to independently be less efficient, yet solve complex problems. | ||
b. They allow a single individual to rise to the top as a leader and help unify more voices to one mindset. | ||
c. They help the self-esteem of individuals who may not be able to solve a problem by allowing them smaller roles within a design. | ||
d. They combine individual mindsets to help provide solutions to potentially unfamiliar problems. |
a. It proves you have learned the material in previous engineering courses. | ||
b. It allows you to demonstrate the validity of a design, both internally and to your customer. | ||
c. It is time consuming and provides a billable expense to charge your customer. | ||
d. It allows you to step back and reflect on various design ideas. |
a. To insure that resources can be reallocated effectively to accomplish project commitments | ||
b. To make sure the schedule is followed as planned | ||
c. To serve as documentation of billable hours spent | ||
d. To allow the engineers not to have to think about the individual pieces of the project |
a. pricing and value of similar products. | ||
b. a maximum payback period required to ensure a return on the investment. | ||
c. the personal finances of the individuals designing the product. | ||
d. the product's image and potential popularity. |
a. environmental regulation groups. | ||
b. professional engineering societies. | ||
c. standards within the code of engineering ethics. | ||
d. materials selection databases. |
a. Minimizing tolerances | ||
b. Identifying part relevance | ||
c. Identifying the assembly process steps | ||
d. Estimating the cost of assembly |
a. components. | ||
b. assembly. | ||
c. overhead. | ||
d. distribution. |
a. allow for final selection of materials. | ||
b. show balances of material properties. | ||
c. usually only show particular material subsets. | ||
d. All of the above |
a. uncredited verbatim copying of more than half of an article or piece of writing. | ||
b. credited verbatim copying of a major portion of a paper or piece of writing without clear delineation. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. equivalent to the cost of materials plus the cost of labor. | ||
b. variably defined company to company. | ||
c. never calculated using nonmanufacturing costs. | ||
d. driven mainly by clerical and administrative costs. |
a. provide resources such as where to obtain your engineering license. | ||
b. act as consultant services that hire contract engineers to help finish product development and analysis. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. assembling a product by adding parts one by one from the same direction. | ||
b. designing parts that have symmetry so orientation during assembly is less crucial. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. are directly related to the volume of products manufactured. | ||
b. can consist of both direct cost such as manufacturing and indirect costs such as overhead. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. An attempt to calculate the life span of a product in operation | ||
b. An attempt to describe the environmental consequence of the activity being studied | ||
c. An attempt to determine the effect (if any) a product has on general public life expectancy | ||
d. An attempt to determine the financial costs of a product, from initial development through manufacturing and repair |
a. Designing for efficient joining and fastening by removing screws and bolts | ||
b. Designing a product so that it can be assembled in multiple subassemblies | ||
c. Creating products without sharp or fragile components that are risks to assemblers | ||
d. Mistake-proofing a product design and assembly |
a. It prevents competitors from reverse engineering your products. | ||
b. It provides legal protection from others attempting to replicate your product. | ||
c. It protects confidential information from being disclosed. | ||
d. It guarantees a longer time period of protection. |
a. manufacturing is a secondary concern compared to performance. | ||
b. aesthetics are of little importance compared to mechanical properties. | ||
c. the selection process doesn't change whether designing for a system or a component. | ||
d. the function of the product will heavily dictate potential choices. |
a. When the data can be experimentally determined as nonrepeatable and nonrepresentative | ||
b. When the data points are nonnumerous and detract from the message trying to be presented | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. it is best to err on the side of public safety. | ||
b. it is acceptable to cautiously proceed while also conducting further studies. | ||
c. the inconclusive results should not be disclosed and should be treated as nonexistent. | ||
d. All of the above |
a. The safety, health, and welfare of the public | ||
b. The interests of an employer or customer | ||
c. An engineer's career and reputation | ||
d. All of the above are equally important |
a. Recyclability of the material | ||
b. Consumption of energy used in the manufacturing and processing of a material | ||
c. Emissions released during the manufacturing and processing of a material | ||
d. Toxicity of the material |
a. It is freely assumed with informed consent. | ||
b. It is unknown. | ||
c. It is equitably distributed. | ||
d. It is properly compensated. |
a. Resource use | ||
b. Human health | ||
c. Ecological consequence | ||
d. Damage to a man-made environment |
a. Wood cannot be processed by molding to shape. | ||
b. Refractory metals cannot be processed by high pressure casting. | ||
c. A steel casted part may be too heavy for a product design. | ||
d. Machining of composites can detrimentally harm anisotropic properties. |
a. There is normally a perfect material for every design, although it may take a great deal of research to find. | ||
b. The selection procedure should not start until a preliminary design has been finalized. | ||
c. Priorities will need to be ranked and trade-offs will have to be made. | ||
d. Constraints should come from cost alone. |
a. Copyright, which protects against the unauthorized copying of an expression | ||
b. Plant, which protects against any new and distinct variety of plant life | ||
c. Design, which protects the ornamental appearances of an article | ||
d. Utility, which protects the utility of an article |
a. The capability of a given material to be shaped to a geometry | ||
b. The ability of two materials to be joined at given geometries | ||
c. The environmental resistance of a chosen material | ||
d. The necessity and capability of surface treating of materials |
a. Using their knowledge and skills for the enhancement of human welfare | ||
b. Being honest and impartial and serving with fidelity the public, their employers, and clients | ||
c. No matter the circumstances, maintaining a principled duty of obligation to a client or employee when in contract | ||
d. Striving to increase the competence and prestige of the engineering profession |
a. Dematerializing a part | ||
b. Changing societal expectations as to environmental and social impacts | ||
c. Substituting materials | ||
d. Sourcing recycled or scrapped materials rather than virgin ones |
a. Must employ a real-world use that does not harm society | ||
b. Must be demonstrably real and functional | ||
c. Must not have been previously known, sold, or used | ||
d. Must not be readily deduced from publicly available information |
a. Reduce the number of parts to as minimal a number as possible to achieve the design. | ||
b. Try to use flexible parts and interconnectors to make tolerancing easier. | ||
c. Use common, standardized parts whenever possible. | ||
d. Design for parts orientation and handling. |
a. Manufacturer's literature | ||
b. Textbooks | ||
c. Databooks | ||
d. Internet sites |
a. All engineering involves risk. | ||
b. The difference in risk between new innovation and smaller changes is negligible. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Copyright | ||
b. Utility patent | ||
c. Trade secret | ||
d. Trademark |
a. Cost is the most important factor to consider when selecting materials for a design. | ||
b. Performance is the most important factor to consider when selecting materials for a design. | ||
c. Cost and performance are equally important when selecting materials for a design. | ||
d. Cost and performance hold different importance in different designs. |
a. a physical representation of a completed final design. | ||
b. anything that approximates any aspects of your final product or design. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. what is wrong with the way things are currently being done? | ||
b. will people pay more money for a better solution than currently exists? | ||
c. can the customer be convinced the problem is completely solved when a solution only partially fixes it? | ||
d. what has been written about the problem we are attempting to solve? |
a. A model of the device to be tested | ||
b. A testing facility or testing space | ||
c. Instrumentation suitable for reasonably measuring variables and outcomes | ||
d. A full prototype to test |
a. the expected median and extremes of the operating conditions. | ||
b. the expected median and extremes as determined by the factor of safety applied to the operating conditions. | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. a defined process. | ||
b. a predictable process. | ||
c. a process capable of being taught and learned. | ||
d. a simple, inexpensive process. |
a. only be expressed as objective points with unit-based numerical ranges | ||
b. include both practical and impractical considerations | ||
c. incorporate only the most important design criteria | ||
d. be derived from customer needs |
a. reflect the customer's needs. | ||
b. differentiate the product for the competition. | ||
c. be technically and economically feasible. | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Objective functions | ||
b. Design variables | ||
c. Constraints and design requirements | ||
d. Computations |
a. metric derivation. | ||
b. a review of the drawings and simulations. | ||
c. physical inspections of a prototype. | ||
d. operational tests of a physical prototype |
a. Gradient-based optimization methods | ||
b. Heuristic optimization methods | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. have a designated facilitator. | ||
b. allow interruptions. | ||
c. agree on a final stop time. | ||
d. stop at increments to evaluate the ideas. |
a. validates that a design will perform adequately with the least desirable material or subassemblies designated. | ||
b. demonstrates the validity of a design to solving the required needs. | ||
c. investigates the performance of a design over time or repeated operation. | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Benchmarked competition | ||
b. Expected competitor's future capabilities | ||
c. The target market segment | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Developing a selection matrix | ||
b. Rating and ranking the concepts | ||
c. Selecting a concept for further refinement | ||
d. All of the above |
a. The creative and iterative method of conceiving and developing components, systems, and processes | ||
b. The integration of engineering, basic, and mathematical sciences to achieve work under constraint | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Hold until later design stages for comparison to the initial prototype | ||
b. Organize into a hierarchy based on difficulty to incorporate, so that the most challenging tasks can be ignored | ||
c. Organize into a hierarchy alphabetically, so as not to impart bias on importance | ||
d. Organize into a hierarchy with a numerical ranking system related to importance |
a. Making sure an experienced designer controls the decision-making process | ||
b. Not forgetting the customer's expectations and needs | ||
c. Making sure the manager has the final say in the decision-making process | ||
d. Ignoring cost |
a. A description of what will and won't be done to accomplish the design | ||
b. A time frame of the work and tasks to be accomplished | ||
c. A complete list of metrics the team will undertake to incorporate into the design | ||
d. None of the above |
a. The role a full-scale prototype plays within the acceptance of a design | ||
b. The cost of developing a prototype | ||
c. The time it will take to develop a prototype | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Using the internet and libraries to obtain documents, journal articles, catalogs, and other information of appropriate applicability | ||
b. Looking at available "solutions" in the market and attempting to reverse engineer to learn about their function | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Developing a marketing model for selling a product | ||
b. Conducting research | ||
c. Defining a problem | ||
d. Analyzing possible solutions |
a. To help select a design concept by determining its basic facility | ||
b. To optimize an already selected and developed design concept | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. It should not include figures or diagrams. | ||
b. It should be descriptive and complete in breadth. | ||
c. It should include definitions for all technical terms. | ||
d. All of the above |
a. They are often more useful than exact answers. | ||
b. They are useful through every aspect of the design stage except concept generation and selection. | ||
c. They should be used minimally throughout a design project because they lack an absolute solution. | ||
d. None of the above |
a. It helps the design team learn of the detrimental effects of the design decisions. | ||
b. It reduces the need to estimate and model concepts during the design project. | ||
c. It provides milestones to help explore whether the project is on schedule. | ||
d. It helps communicate design ideas with team members, managers, customers, and so forth. |
a. You should look for new concepts during the process. | ||
b. The results of the process are all that should be documented. | ||
c. You will most likely not have enough information to make a completely informed decision. | ||
d. None of the above. |
a. The two approaches are closely related. | ||
b. Estimations should not be used when modeling and exploring the validity of results. | ||
c. The accuracy and fidelity of necessary results will determine whether to estimate or model. | ||
d. Engineering modeling can be used in the estimation process. |
a. Experimental development work | ||
b. Final part design and assembly determination | ||
c. Pilot production/limited capacity scaling | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Judging ideas generated | ||
b. Performing an insufficient external search | ||
c. Creating too many ideas | ||
d. None of the above |
a. A description of the problem and context | ||
b. A description of why the problem exists | ||
c. A description of how the end result will be used | ||
d. A description of the defined needs of the customers as researched |
a. The end user of the product or process | ||
b. Those affecting the buying decision of the product or process | ||
c. Those who rely on the resulting performance or output of the product or process further upstream | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Shape | ||
b. Topology | ||
c. Both A and B | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Interviews with customers directly | ||
b. Engineering comprehension and intuition | ||
c. On-site observations | ||
d. Surveys and focus groups |
a. Accept all ideas without providing feedback. | ||
b. Generate a large number of ideas. | ||
c. Do not worry about the feasibility of the ideas. | ||
d. Do not build on other ideas; only present new ones. |