| a. Corporate | ||
| b. Domestic | ||
| c. Individual | ||
| d. Global |
| a. Military | ||
| b. Economic | ||
| c. Political | ||
| d. Scientific and technological |
| a. Domestic | ||
| b. Realistic | ||
| c. Global | ||
| d. Mixed actor |
| a. Constructivism | ||
| b. Security dilemma | ||
| c. Resource curse | ||
| d. State sovereignty |
| a. Hegemony | ||
| b. Unilateral | ||
| c. Alliance | ||
| d. Security dilemma |
| a. Paper currency | ||
| b. State sovereignty | ||
| c. Collective security | ||
| d. Idealism |
| a. Nationalism | ||
| b. Fundamentalism | ||
| c. Sovereignty | ||
| d. Social Darwinism |
| a. Membership of the U.N. Security Council | ||
| b. Geography | ||
| c. Military power | ||
| d. Natural resources |
| a. Constructivist | ||
| b. Classical realist | ||
| c. Liberalist | ||
| d. Neo-functionalist |
| a. States | ||
| b. Realists | ||
| c. Military | ||
| d. Terrorist organizations |
| a. Economic interdependence | ||
| b. International regimes | ||
| c. Hegemonic stability | ||
| d. Victor's justice |
| a. The current unipolar distribution of power is stable. | ||
| b. The bipolar distribution of power is most stable in the international system. | ||
| c. The international system is characterized by hierarchy. | ||
| d. Identity is the most important factor in international relations. |
| a. It refers to the realist principle that anarchy is akin to a state of nature. | ||
| b. It refers to the constructivist principle that anarchy is not inherently competitive; anarchy depends on how states perceive it. | ||
| c. It refers to the constructivist principle that anarchy does not exist in international relations. | ||
| d. It refers to the idea that anarchy does not mean chaos; it simply means there is no overarching world government. |
| a. It is a situation where a state must face the classic "guns or butter" choice. | ||
| b. It is a situation where a state must decide to balance or bandwagon. | ||
| c. It is a situation where a state must decide to either internally balance or externally balance against a rising power. | ||
| d. It is a situation where a state takes purely defensive measures but in doing so ends up threatening other states, which then prompts those other states to take on their own defensive measures. |
| a. Self-interested states under anarchy may still choose cooperation, because it is still less costly than the alternatives. | ||
| b. International trade and globalization are harmful to smaller countries. | ||
| c. Institutions are always the best solution to a state's security challenges. | ||
| d. An institution's reputation is the most important factor in determining its eventual success or failure. |
| a. Constructivism | ||
| b. Liberalism | ||
| c. Neorealism | ||
| d. None of the above |
| a. State consent | ||
| b. Democratic principles | ||
| c. Monopoly over the legitimate use of force | ||
| d. Ability to issue rules and attach consequences |
| a. Realism believes that cooperation is impossible in international relations. | ||
| b. Realism as a school of thought has many theoretical variants. | ||
| c. Classical realism arose in the post-World War II era as a counter to Wilsonian idealism. | ||
| d. Neorealism believes that the pursuit of security is the goal of every state. |
| a. Capitalism is an efficient economic system. | ||
| b. Communism is a more progressive stage of history than capitalism. | ||
| c. Class-based interests are not important in international relations. | ||
| d. Capitalism is unavoidably exploitative and oppressive. |
| a. China | ||
| b. Japan | ||
| c. South Korea (ROK) | ||
| d. Taiwan |
| a. It began and ended in Russia. | ||
| b. It began and ended in Germany. | ||
| c. It began in Germany and ended in Russia. | ||
| d. It began in Russia and ended in Germany. |
| a. Democracy | ||
| b. Religion | ||
| c. Prosperity | ||
| d. All of the above |
| a. Iran | ||
| b. Turkey | ||
| c. Saudi Arabia | ||
| d. Israel |
| a. Because any great concentration of power threatens other states and causes them to take action to restore balance | ||
| b. Because a unipolar state always has every other state trying to usurp its power | ||
| c. Because unipolar states have no alliances | ||
| d. Because any great concentration of power leads to corruption |
| a. President Obama signed a document to accept NATO membership for the Czech Republic. | ||
| b. President Obama established a new international financial institution to combat the global recession. | ||
| c. President Obama signed the New START Treaty with Russia. | ||
| d. President Obama signed a resolution in support of giving Germany a seat on the U.N. Security Council. |
| a. Polyvalence explains why there is such a range of anti-American and pro-American sentiments across the world and even within the same population of people. | ||
| b. Polyvalence explains the strength of America's multicultural tradition. | ||
| c. Polyvalence explains how the U.S. can overcome anti-American sentiments in different parts of the world. | ||
| d. Polyvalence explains why the U.S. acted unilaterally in Iraq. |
| a. Balance | ||
| b. Defensive | ||
| c. Anti-American | ||
| d. Fearful |
| a. Multilateral | ||
| b. Bilateral | ||
| c. Unilateral | ||
| d. Trilateral |
| a. Money laundering by terrorist organizations | ||
| b. Reduction of U.S. and Russian nuclear weapons stockpiles | ||
| c. The establishment of an avian flu monitoring system | ||
| d. Illegal trade of narcotics and small arms |
| a. Avian flu | ||
| b. Creation of an Asian monetary fund | ||
| c. North Korea's nuclear weapons program | ||
| d. U.S. military basing rights |
| a. NATO overruns its budget every year, and enlargement will only make matters worse. | ||
| b. The most powerful countries in NATO do not want to see their influence diluted by larger membership. | ||
| c. NATO was a Cold War-era alliance organization in opposition to the Soviet Union; NATO enlargement in the post-Cold War era seems outdated and unnecessarily provocative toward Russia. | ||
| d. NATO overlaps too much with the European Union. |
| a. Nationalizing industry | ||
| b. Personal scandals | ||
| c. Appointed judiciary | ||
| d. All of the above |
| a. China | ||
| b. South Korea | ||
| c. Japan | ||
| d. Taiwan |
| a. The states that are soft balancing are typically small, weak countries. | ||
| b. The targets of the soft balancing do not realize that balancing is occurring. | ||
| c. Soft balancing involves signing non-binding agreements, which can easily be broken by either state. | ||
| d. Soft balancing refers to using nonmilitary tools to delay, frustrate, or undermine military, economic, or diplomatic efforts. |
| a. Feelings of anti-Americanism are spreading in Africa. | ||
| b. The need for aid is greatest in countries with a democratic deficit | ||
| c. There has been a decline in U.S. aid commitments in Africa. | ||
| d. All of the above |
| a. Humanitarian intervention | ||
| b. Jus post bellum | ||
| c. Jus ad bellum | ||
| d. Jus in bello |
| a. Neoliberalism | ||
| b. Idealism/Liberalism | ||
| c. Classical Realism | ||
| d. Functionalism |
| a. Realism | ||
| b. Liberalism | ||
| c. Hegemonic Stability Theory | ||
| d. Neo-functionalism |
| a. Neorealism | ||
| b. Just War Theory | ||
| c. Bargaining Model of War | ||
| d. Idealism/Liberalism |
| a. Domestic Causes of War | ||
| b. Bargaining Model of War | ||
| c. Audience Costs | ||
| d. Democratic Peace Theory |
| a. There is no significant difference in the way the two theories view war in international relations. | ||
| b. Realism justifies war for security purposes; idealism justifies war for humanitarian reasons. | ||
| c. Idealism believes that war is a normal and necessary part of international relations; realism believes that war is a failure of diplomacy and cooperation. | ||
| d. Realism believes that war is a normal and necessary part of international relations; idealism believes that war is a failure of diplomacy and cooperation. |
| a. HIV has killed a significant percentage of the adult population, resulting in orphans who are easily recruited into becoming child soldiers. | ||
| b. HIV has killed a significant percentage of the adult population, resulting in a smaller population to contribute to the economy and participate in governance of state. | ||
| c. HIV can contribute to state instability and create an environment conducive for illegal activity and terrorism. | ||
| d. HIV affects the economy and tourism as visitors do not want to visit a country with a high incidence of the disease. |
| a. Climate change could lead to the forced migration of large populations of people, which could also potentially trigger food and energy shortages. | ||
| b. Climate change may cause the states that suffer the most to go to war against those that suffer the least. | ||
| c. Climate change is not considered a major problem for state security. | ||
| d. Climate change is specifically covered in just war theory as a threat to security. |
| a. Negative security assurance | ||
| b. Nuclear umbrella | ||
| c. Deterrence | ||
| d. No first use |
| a. Negative security assurance | ||
| b. Tit-for-tat | ||
| c. Hub-and-spoke alliance structure | ||
| d. Nuclear umbrella |
| a. Small arms and conventional | ||
| b. Conventional and nuclear | ||
| c. Missiles and warheads | ||
| d. Nuclear and fissile |
| a. The Limited Test Ban Treaty has only been signed by the U.S. and the Soviet Union, whereas the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty is open to all countries for signature. | ||
| b. The Limited Test Ban Treaty expired in 2010, and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty is meant to replace it. | ||
| c. The Limited Test Ban Treaty only covers certain types of biological and chemical weapons testing, whereas the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty also covers nuclear weapons testing. | ||
| d. The Limited Test Ban Treaty only prohibits certain types of nuclear weapons testing (such as those conducted underwater or in the atmosphere), while the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty prohibits all types of nuclear weapons testing. |
| a. North Korea | ||
| b. Iran | ||
| c. India | ||
| d. Israel |
| a. Cyber attacks | ||
| b. Biological weapons | ||
| c. Nuclear weapons | ||
| d. Chemical weapons |
| a. Chemical Weapons Convention | ||
| b. Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty | ||
| c. Biological Weapons Convention | ||
| d. Limited Test Ban Treaty |
| a. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) | ||
| b. U.N. Security Council | ||
| c. U.S. National Nuclear Security Agency | ||
| d. U.N. General Assembly |
| a. Harmony | ||
| b. Conflict | ||
| c. Popular support | ||
| d. Leadership |
| a. Global public health | ||
| b. Sustainable development | ||
| c. Gender Equality and women empowerment | ||
| d. Poverty eradication |
| a. The General Assembly has too many countries in it, which makes it difficult to reach a consensus. | ||
| b. Developing countries are not permanently represented on the U.N. Security Council, which is the only body in the U.N. that creates legally-binding resolutions. | ||
| c. Developing countries do not agree on what are the most important priorities on which to pass resolutions. | ||
| d. Developing countries are outnumbered by developed countries in the General Assembly, and thus their resolutions always fail, because developed countries never vote in their favor. |
| a. It reflects American values. | ||
| b. It is not realism. | ||
| c. It is optimistic. | ||
| d. All of the above |
| a. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | ||
| b. World Trade Organization (WTO) | ||
| c. World Bank | ||
| d. U.N. Development Program |
| a. A boxing match | ||
| b. A dating service | ||
| c. A used car dealer | ||
| d. None of the above |
| a. Deciding cases | ||
| b. Setting the budget | ||
| c. Solemn sitting | ||
| d. Selecting a replacement |
| a. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | ||
| b. G-20 | ||
| c. World Bank | ||
| d. World Trade Organization |
| a. World Bank | ||
| b. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) | ||
| c. G-20 | ||
| d. International Monetary Fund (IMF) |
| a. The U.N. had a Trusteeship System that oversaw the transition of these nascent countries to full-fledged independence. | ||
| b. The U.N. protested the system of transitional governance and worked to eliminate it completely. | ||
| c. The U.N. played no role in this effort. | ||
| d. The U.N. granted these countries immediate entry into the General Assembly. |
| a. World Trade Organization | ||
| b. International Criminal Court | ||
| c. International Court of Justice | ||
| d. Asian Development Bank |
| a. Respect for state sovereignty is not a reason to avoid intervening on humanitarian grounds. | ||
| b. Developing countries have a right to share in global prosperity. | ||
| c. Equality before the law is the most important principle guiding the U.N. | ||
| d. The meaning of security has evolved to include other forms of security, such as access to clean water and food, climate change, and energy. |
| a. Five permanent members: Russia, U.S., China, France, and Britain | ||
| b. Seven permanent members with ten elected members | ||
| c. Five permanent members with ten elected members | ||
| d. Seven permanent members: Russia, U.S., China, France, Britain, Germany, and Japan |
| a. International Court of Justice | ||
| b. North American Supreme Court | ||
| c. International Criminal Court | ||
| d. Hall of Justice |
| a. They are legally binding. | ||
| b. They must pass unanimously in the 15-member Security Council. | ||
| c. They must pass without a veto from the permanent five members of the Security Council. | ||
| d. They are mandatory; for example, all states in the U.N. must observe them. |
| a. The Security Council membership is frozen in post-World War II time and does not reflect new and important global powers, such as Germany, Japan, and India. | ||
| b. The U.N. has lost much credibility, since the U.S. war against Iraq; lack of U.N. approval did not stop the U.S. from invading Iraq. | ||
| c. The U.N. headquarters in New York City makes the U.N. too closely aligned to U.S. interests. | ||
| d. Developing countries are not fairly represented on the Security Council in proportion to the world's population that they represent. |
| a. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | ||
| b. World Trade Organization (WTO) | ||
| c. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) | ||
| d. World health Organization |
| a. The United Nations and the World Trade Organization (WTO) | ||
| b. The G-7 and G-20 | ||
| c. The World Trade Organization (WTO) and the World Bank | ||
| d. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) |
| a. Luxury tax | ||
| b. Import tariff | ||
| c. Export tariff | ||
| d. Sales tax |
| a. Globalization contributes to the economic dominance of the U.S. and other Western countries over the global economy. | ||
| b. Globalization exploits the people and resources of impoverished, developing countries. | ||
| c. Foreign workers are often brought in so that local workers cannot benefit from wages at factories set up by foreign companies. | ||
| d. Globalization contributes to environmental degradation as environmental regulations are absent or lax in poorer countries. |
| a. Import tariff | ||
| b. Sustainable development | ||
| c. Non-tariff barrier | ||
| d. Clean energy policy |
| a. Foreign direct investment | ||
| b. Trade liberalization | ||
| c. Free trade agreements | ||
| d. Globalization |
| a. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | ||
| b. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | ||
| c. European Coal and Steel Community | ||
| d. World Trade Organization (WTO) |
| a. Trade equality | ||
| b. Most-favored nation (MFN) | ||
| c. Free trade agreement | ||
| d. National treatment |
| a. When the Democratic Party in the U.S. controls trade policy | ||
| b. The reduction or elimination of tariffs and non-tariff barriers on goods and services | ||
| c. Bilateral trade agreements between only two countries | ||
| d. Multilateral trade agreements, such as those negotiated at the World Trade Organization (WTO) |
| a. Security Council | ||
| b. Board of Directors | ||
| c. Governing Board | ||
| d. None of the above; there is no governing body of the World Trade Organization. |
| a. Freely floating exchange rates between major currencies is desirable over fixed rates. | ||
| b. Protectionist tariffs, when moderate and well-designed, can help protect domestic industries from subsidized foreign competition. | ||
| c. Excessive protectionism during an economic crisis only serves to make the crisis worse by reducing trust and cooperation between states, which leads to an overall decline in international trade. | ||
| d. Labor laws are unnecessary to protect the rights of workers and unions. |
| a. Smoot-Hawley Act | ||
| b. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | ||
| c. European Union | ||
| d. Foreign Direct Investment |
| a. Entry to the WTO usually takes less than 6 months. | ||
| b. The WTO has a well-defined dispute settlement procedure. | ||
| c. The WTO provides a forum for trade negotiations between states. | ||
| d. In the WTO, the most-favored nation status is universally applied with only strict exceptions. |
| a. Dependency theory | ||
| b. Neoclassical theory | ||
| c. Realism | ||
| d. Linear stages of growth |
| a. A linearly positive relationship; more debt correlates with more growth, because the debt is used to finance investments and industrialization. | ||
| b. A linearly negative relationship; many countries do not have the economic infrastructure to manage both debt repayments and economic growth. | ||
| c. Neither a positive nor negative relationship; there was no evidence of any statistical correlation. | ||
| d. An inverted U-shaped curve; external debt correlates positively with growth, but then at a certain point, debt begins to correlate negatively with growth. |
| a. Central planning economics | ||
| b. Tragedy of the commons | ||
| c. Sustainable development | ||
| d. Structuralism |
| a. Maximization of donor funds | ||
| b. Efficiency and effectiveness | ||
| c. Aid diversions and project failures | ||
| d. A decrease in the number of competing INGOs and IOs |
| a. Neoclassical theory | ||
| b. Linear model | ||
| c. Structuralism | ||
| d. Neo-Marxism |
| a. Transnational groups who coordinate their relief efforts to maximize their liberal agendas | ||
| b. Transnational groups who compete for relief contracts leading to opportunism | ||
| c. Transnational groups who receive long term contracts to address problems of refugees or POWs where ever they may occur | ||
| d. Transnational groups who are trained and financed by the UN to address problems of refugees or POWs where ever they may occur |
| a. Structuralism | ||
| b. Neo-Marxism | ||
| c. Linear model | ||
| d. All of the above |
| a. Economic development in poor countries "depends" on an international system that is fair and just. | ||
| b. Like Marxists, all dependency theorists believe that imperialism is to blame for the disparity between rich and poor countries. | ||
| c. Dependency theory is about power relationships between two groups of countries in the world (core/periphery, dominant/dependent, etc.) with the less powerful group as targets of economic exploitation. | ||
| d. The world consists of two groups (core/periphery, dominant/dependent, etc.), and the interactions between these groups result in the poorer group locked into a state of economic under-development. |
| a. Free market economics | ||
| b. Sustainable development | ||
| c. Tragedy of the commons | ||
| d. Capitalism |
| a. European Coal and Steel Community | ||
| b. European Monetary Union | ||
| c. European Commission | ||
| d. European Economic Community |
| a. Spillover effect | ||
| b. Bureaucratic evolution | ||
| c. Economic integration | ||
| d. Collective economics |
| a. Structural inequality | ||
| b. Institutional inertia | ||
| c. Democratic deficit | ||
| d. Proportional representation |
| a. European Economic Community | ||
| b. Countries that have adopted the Euro currency | ||
| c. European Union | ||
| d. Continental Europe |
| a. The European Council has no law making authority; the Council of the European Union does have law making authority. | ||
| b. The Council of the European Union has no law making authority; the European Council does have law making authority. | ||
| c. The Council of the European Union is made up of the heads of state of the EU countries; the European Council is not. | ||
| d. The Council of the European Union is elected; the European Council is not. |
| a. To generate industrialization and economic recovery of Europe after World War II | ||
| b. To create a market for U.S. manufactured goods | ||
| c. To create peace in Europe through economic and political integration | ||
| d. To generate raw materials for the U.S. economy |
| a. The Council of the European Union | ||
| b. The European Parliament | ||
| c. The European Commission | ||
| d. None of the above |
| a. The "euro zone" refers to specific issues, such as human rights, and it is not the same as the European Union. | ||
| b. The "euro zone" refers to the original six members of the European Coal and Steel Community, the predecessor to the European Union. | ||
| c. The European Central Bank, which governs the Euro, is not an institution of the European Union. | ||
| d. Not every European Union country participates in the Euro currency. |