a. Government exists only to serve the greatest good to the highest number of people. | ||
b. Citizens are only entitled to rights given to them by the Government. | ||
c. The Government is only entitled to powers given to it by the People. | ||
d. All of the above. |
a. Have the right to bear arms against the State | ||
b. Owe a duty of fealty to the Sovereign, from whom all rights flow | ||
c. Have the right to life, liberty, and property | ||
d. Derive their fundamental rights from a democratically elected government |
a. Protect private property | ||
b. Promote social welfare | ||
c. Protect the nation's borders | ||
d. Redistribute wealth to the less fortunate |
a. Evil | ||
b. Greedy | ||
c. Powerful | ||
d. Free |
a. English Bill of Rights | ||
b. U.S. Constitution | ||
c. Emancipation Proclamation | ||
d. Declaration of Independence |
a. Those who violate the law by taking another's life have violated the social contract through treason, and thus, become an enemy to be slain. | ||
b. The social contract prohibits the State from executing its citizen-members. | ||
c. The social contract prohibits the State from engaging in capital punishment under any circumstance. | ||
d. The social contract does not address issues of capital punishment; these decisions are best left to judges. |
a. People are more productive when they directly affect their income | ||
b. Competition leads to a balanced marketplace | ||
c. Free trade guarantees higher profits for a government | ||
d. Free trade allows supply and demand to drive the economy |
a. Neoliberals are isolationists, whereas classical liberals sought broad foreign alliances. | ||
b. Classical liberals believed in unregulated markets, whereas neoliberals seek to regulate commerce to improve efficiency and fairness. | ||
c. Classical liberals believed that government should promote collective farms and community action to help one another, whereas neoliberals see this as a form of communism. | ||
d. All of the above. |
a. Edmund Burke | ||
b. Niccolo Machiavelli | ||
c. Charles Montesquieu | ||
d. Adam Smith |
a. Monarchy | ||
b. Democracy | ||
c. Aristocracy | ||
d. Dictatorship |
a. Proper government structure, including the division of power | ||
b. Proper judicial structure, including fair trials and just punishments | ||
c. Proper economic structure, including a shift from mercantilism to free trade | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Hereditary succession of power | ||
b. The abolition of private property | ||
c. Capital punishment | ||
d. Public ballots |
a. Classical Conservatism | ||
b. Classical Liberalism | ||
c. Utilitarianism | ||
d. Anarchism |
a. Property and freedom are inseparably connected | ||
b. the good state is one in which power is checked and balanced, restricted by sound constitutions and customs. | ||
c. Uniformity and absolute equality are the characteristics of a high civilization | ||
d. Men and nations are governed by moral laws |
a. The government had a responsibility to meet their basic needs | ||
b. Members of the community had a responsibility to meet their basic needs | ||
c. The fulfillment of their needs should come from private charity | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Be self-sufficient | ||
b. Act in a rational manner and ensure a stable society | ||
c. Enjoy liberty | ||
d. Protect property |
a. The family | ||
b. The church | ||
c. The government | ||
d. All of the above |
a. The social contract account of the origins of government | ||
b. It was government's responsibility to provide for the necessities of life | ||
c. The equality of all human beings | ||
d. The divine right to govern |
a. Share his wealth with others | ||
b. Serve the Sovereign | ||
c. Produce goods and services | ||
d. Protect himself, by all available means |
a. Love | ||
b. Self Interest | ||
c. Fear | ||
d. Piety |
a. Revolutions in France and America | ||
b. Monarchies | ||
c. The use of law to impose morals on citizens | ||
d. Social Welfare programs by the government |
a. All men are equal in the eyes of God, but nowhere else | ||
b. All men should be elevated to equal status under the law | ||
c. The role of government is to prevent some men from obtaining dominion over others | ||
d. Men and women should be given equal rights by the government |
a. The US House of Representatives | ||
b. The principle of stare decisis, in which courts are bound by prior judicial decisions | ||
c. Electing presidents every four years | ||
d. Term limits on the presidency |
a. Edmund Burke | ||
b. David Hume | ||
c. Thomas Hobbes | ||
d. Niccolo Machiavelli |
a. Increased the benefits derived by the people | ||
b. Increased the land of the country | ||
c. Increased the power of the people | ||
d. Increased the power of the ruler |
a. Civil disobedience cannot be justified in a democracy | ||
b. We must obey the law under a contract with other members of our society | ||
c. It can be a recipe for anarchy | ||
d. It is not protected by the Constitution |
a. The circumstances under which the crime was committed | ||
b. The offender's intentions | ||
c. The offender's state of consciousness | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Lack of experience in political leaders | ||
b. Limited government power | ||
c. Tyranny of the majority | ||
d. Multi-party factionalism |
a. To prevent that person from harming others | ||
b. To prevent that person from harming himself | ||
c. To increase the happiness of the majority | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Freedom from captivity | ||
b. The power to do whatever one wants | ||
c. A question of whether free will really exists | ||
d. he nature and limits of the authority society can have over the individual |
a. Betrays an obligation a person had | ||
b. Makes other people upset | ||
c. Violates accepted codes of ethics | ||
d. Sets bad example |
a. Classical Conservatism | ||
b. Classical Liberalism | ||
c. Utilitarianism | ||
d. Authoritarianism |
a. Unjust laws | ||
b. Slavery | ||
c. Religion | ||
d. All of the above |
a. The use of rules (deontology) to determine appropriate actions | ||
b. The use of predicted impact and outcomes to determine appropriate actions | ||
c. The use of the Bible and other religious texts to determine appropriate actions | ||
d. The use of public opinion and majority rules to determine appropriate actions |
a. There are no limits as to acts that can be taken to benefit the majority. | ||
b. Some people will inevitably be harmed in order to promote the greater good for the highest number of people. | ||
c. Outcomes are hard to predict with accuracy, so deciding which actions to take based on projected outcomes can be difficult and risky. | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Highway use tax | ||
b. Poll tax | ||
c. Property tax | ||
d. None of the above |
a. State of nature | ||
b. Equilibrium | ||
c. Goodness | ||
d. Utility |
a. Yes, all acts of suicide should be legal purely as a matter of individual liberty. | ||
b. Yes, some acts of suicide could be legal, if the suicide causes no direct or indirect harm to others. | ||
c. No, acts of suicide should not be legal because suicide does not cause pleasure. | ||
d. No, acts of suicide should not be legal because suicide is difficult to quantify on a cost/benefit analysis. |
a. A quasi-industrial federation | ||
b. An industrial union | ||
c. Revolutionary unionism | ||
d. Uplift unionism |
a. It boosted the bourgeoisie to economic and political power | ||
b. It drafted much of the old peasant class into its factories | ||
c. It created the various movements for democratic government which swept across Europe | ||
d. Working class women began to agitate for equal rights |
a. Utopian | ||
b. Unworkable in a complex, modern society | ||
c. Impossible to achieve | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Socialism is the preferred form of government | ||
b. True liberty is only possible in the absence of government | ||
c. Violence brings order to society | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Exploitation of wage-earners | ||
b. Control of wealth by a select few | ||
c. Industrialization | ||
d. All of the above |
a. The government | ||
b. The proletariat | ||
c. The bourgeoisie | ||
d. The Church |
a. Class struggles | ||
b. Military victories in war | ||
c. Colonial acquisitions | ||
d. Industrialization |
a. Germany | ||
b. China | ||
c. Poland | ||
d. Russia |
a. A return to agrarian life | ||
b. Abolition of private property | ||
c. Separation of Church and State | ||
d. Exploitation of capital |
a. The abolition of nations | ||
b. Tariffs | ||
c. Protectionist policies to promote domestic production and job security | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Sales | ||
b. Transactions | ||
c. Production | ||
d. Transfer |
a. Consolidation of banking and industrial capital | ||
b. Division of foreign territory and resources by capitalist powers | ||
c. Export of commodities becomes more important than the export of capital | ||
d. Monopolies of most vital segments of commerce |
a. Revolution | ||
b. Trade unions | ||
c. Capitalism | ||
d. Social Democracy |
a. Heavily agricultural societies | ||
b. Heavily industrialized societies | ||
c. Multi-political party rule societies | ||
d. Free market societies |
a. Seizing control of factories | ||
b. The use of gold as the international standard for currency | ||
c. Overthrowing the czar | ||
d. Keeping markets functioning and growing without competition or the incentive that profit provides |
a. The emergence of strong trade unions | ||
b. Weakening the power of the media | ||
c. Gaining control of the military | ||
d. Educating the youth |
a. Cultural revolution | ||
b. Territorial expansion | ||
c. Elections | ||
d. A People's War |
a. Communism | ||
b. Utopia | ||
c. Democracy | ||
d. Oligarchy |
a. It has no distinct political ideology | ||
b. Their military budget has significantly decreased over the past twenty years | ||
c. It's self-perception as a country that refuses to be treated as a defeated nation and a second-rate power | ||
d. Oscillation between passive isolationism and geopolitical expansionism |
a. Size of population | ||
b. Religious influences among the people | ||
c. Style of economy (agrarian economy versus industrial economy) | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Collective ownership of the means of production | ||
b. Capitalistic, yet still controlled by the Communist government | ||
c. All land is privately owned | ||
d. Its tax structure is the highest of all the world's Communist regimes |
a. Vladimir Lenin | ||
b. Josef Stalin | ||
c. Karl Marx | ||
d. Mao Tse Tung |
a. Mikhail Gorbachev | ||
b. Vladimir Lenin | ||
c. Mao Tse Tung | ||
d. Josef Stalin |
a. Utopia | ||
b. Oligarchy | ||
c. Socialism | ||
d. Centralism |
a. Criticize religious leaders seeking to impose moral values on the masses | ||
b. Campaign to further restrict immigration to the US | ||
c. Support a reduction in the budget of the military | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Nationalism | ||
b. Weak police forces | ||
c. Sexism | ||
d. Militarism |
a. Josef Stalin | ||
b. Vladimir Lenin | ||
c. Francisco Franco | ||
d. All of the above |
a. When a country has no previous experience with democracy | ||
b. When a country economically prosperous | ||
c. When there is wide income disparity between the rich and the poor | ||
d. When a country's citizens have a strong national identify |
a. A good source of ideas for controlling the economy | ||
b. A good source of ideas for controlling masses of people | ||
c. The ultimate goal of the political system | ||
d. A political rival for the allegiance of the people |
a. Overthrow of communism in the USSR | ||
b. Genocide against Jews | ||
c. Establishment of a successor to the League of Nations | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Staged elections | ||
b. Trade embargoes | ||
c. International sanctions | ||
d. A credible threat of insurrection |
a. Strong and decisive | ||
b. Weak and ineffectual | ||
c. He delegated most of his authority other | ||
d. He sought to exercise total control |
a. Nationalism and super-patriotism | ||
b. Obsession with racial theories of superiority | ||
c. Aggressive militarism | ||
d. Charismatic leaders |
a. The Geneva Convention | ||
b. The Yalta Conference | ||
c. The Treaty of Versailles | ||
d. The Hague Convention |
a. The use of enemies as a unifying cause for the people | ||
b. Invocation of religion by leaders | ||
c. Strong labor unions | ||
d. Promotion of capitalism |
a. Germany | ||
b. India | ||
c. Italy | ||
d. Indonesia |
a. Criticize religious leaders seeking to impose moral values on the masses | ||
b. Campaign to further restrict immigration to the US | ||
c. Support a reduction in the budget of the military | ||
d. None of the above |
a. Robert Nozick | ||
b. John Rawls | ||
c. Tariq Ali | ||
d. John Maynard Keynes |
a. Conservative | ||
b. Communist | ||
c. Libertarian | ||
d. Utilitarian |
a. Nationalism | ||
b. Weak police forces | ||
c. Sexism | ||
d. Militarism |
a. Josef Stalin | ||
b. Vladimir Lenin | ||
c. Francisco Franco | ||
d. All of the above |
a. When a country has no previous experience with democracy | ||
b. When a country economically prosperous | ||
c. When there is wide income disparity between the rich and the poor | ||
d. When a country's citizens have a strong national identify |
a. A good source of ideas for controlling the economy | ||
b. A good source of ideas for controlling masses of people | ||
c. The ultimate goal of the political system | ||
d. A political rival for the allegiance of the people |
a. Economic recession | ||
b. Totalitarian government | ||
c. A balanced budget | ||
d. Budget deficits |
a. slavery | ||
b. prosperity | ||
c. fundamental fairness | ||
d. democracy |
a. Overthrow of communism in the USSR | ||
b. Genocide against Jews | ||
c. Establishment of a successor to the League of Nations | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Cut spending | ||
b. Cut taxes | ||
c. Increase spending | ||
d. Increase taxes |
a. A necessary factor in the growth of markets and investments | ||
b. The source of many of the greatest economic evils of history | ||
c. The result of poor government control of industry | ||
d. Necessary to job growth in a developing economy |
a. All men are born free. | ||
b. A social contract between all men governs conduct and property. | ||
c. Self-interest is generally an enlightened course of conduct. | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Depression | ||
b. Stagflation | ||
c. Inflation | ||
d. Recession |
a. Social Democracy | ||
b. Veil of Ignorance | ||
c. Rational Choice Theory | ||
d. Distributive Justice |
a. slavery | ||
b. prosperity | ||
c. fundamental fairness | ||
d. democracy |
a. Liberal | ||
b. Conservative | ||
c. Keynesian | ||
d. Socialist |
a. Listen only to things they really care about, ignoring all else. B. Retain some information but use it only to reinforce existing beliefs. | ||
b. Have goals they try to achieve, and act as rationally as their knowledge, resources and the situation permit. | ||
c. Seek only enough information to reach a decision |
a. Staged elections | ||
b. Trade embargoes | ||
c. International sanctions | ||
d. A credible threat of insurrection |
a. Strong and decisive | ||
b. Weak and ineffectual | ||
c. He delegated most of his authority other | ||
d. He sought to exercise total control |
a. Nationalism and super-patriotism | ||
b. Obsession with racial theories of superiority | ||
c. Aggressive militarism | ||
d. Charismatic leaders |
a. The Geneva Convention | ||
b. The Yalta Conference | ||
c. The Treaty of Versailles | ||
d. The Hague Convention |
a. Robert Nozick | ||
b. John Rawls | ||
c. Tariq Ali | ||
d. John Maynard Keynes |
a. The use of enemies as a unifying cause for the people | ||
b. Invocation of religion by leaders | ||
c. Strong labor unions | ||
d. Promotion of capitalism |
a. Germany | ||
b. India | ||
c. Italy | ||
d. Indonesia |
a. Adam Smith | ||
b. John Stuart Mill | ||
c. Thomas Hobbes | ||
d. Karl Marx |
a. Adam Smith | ||
b. John Stuart Mill | ||
c. Thomas Hobbes | ||
d. Karl Marx |
a. It works against the preservation of cultures | ||
b. Diverse cultures are not necessarily equal | ||
c. Toleration of others should not require active accommodation of their needs | ||
d. It necessitates economic restructuring |
a. Neo-conservative theorists | ||
b. Libertarian theorists | ||
c. Neo-liberal theorists | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Free market economic principles | ||
b. Military and foreign policy objectives | ||
c. Social issues | ||
d. Civil liberties |
a. Equal to that of Russia and China | ||
b. The result of unnecessary defense spending | ||
c. Uniquely powerful, and as such, responsible for security in most parts of the world | ||
d. Being overused abroad while underused domestically and along our nation's borders |
a. Military engagement abroad | ||
b. Free trade | ||
c. Civil liberties | ||
d. All of the above |
a. Weakens military alliances | ||
b. Increases taxes | ||
c. Restricts trade through tariffs and embargoes | ||
d. Increases poverty and levels of violence |
a. All individuals deserve to be equally respected as persons | ||
b. Individual equality and individual difference are inextricably intertwined | ||
c. Cultural differences are more fundamental than individual differences | ||
d. Human beings differ in their conceptions of the good |
a. Differences over free market economic principles | ||
b. Differences over military and foreign policy objectives | ||
c. Differences over social issues | ||
d. Differences over tax policies |
a. Revolutions will become the primary factor in political regime change | ||
b. People's cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world. | ||
c. Communism will once again vie with democracy as the world's most prominent political ideology | ||
d. The most dangerous world conflicts will be between social classes, not countries |
a. Support the joining, because it would set an example and put pressure on China and Russia to also join | ||
b. Support the joining, because it would lead to less responsibility for America to serve as "the world's policeman" | ||
c. Oppose the joining, because forms of world government lead to tyranny | ||
d. Oppose the joining, because it would subject Americans to the risk of the death penalty |
a. Robert Nozick | ||
b. John Stuart Mill | ||
c. Thomas Hobbes | ||
d. Karl Marx |