According to Information Processing theory, which of the following strategies would improve retrieval?

	a. If the person rehearsed or used the information after initial input
	b. If the information was not used for a long time
	c. If the information was unique, not related to any previous information
	d. If the person suffered neurological damage since input

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Bloom’s Taxonomy of the cognitive domain could be considered as which of the following?

	a. A set of guidelines for behavior modification
	b. A set of teaching steps that increases complexity in a constructivist environment
	c. A set of principles for making observation and memorization more effective
	d. A set of steps for increasing the complexity of tasks in a behaviorist environment

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In behaviorist terms, what is the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement?

	a. They are nearly the same, but punishment is harsher.
	b. Punishment = unpleasant consequence; negative reinforcement = removing something unpleasant.
	c. Punishment = removing a pleasant thing; negative reinforcement = adding an unpleasant thing.
	d. They are identical in classical conditioning but opposites in operant conditioning.

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What is another name for cognitive theory?

	a. Deductive reasoning
	b. Constructivism
	c. Humanistic psychology
	d. Behaviorism

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What is the main difference between psychological and social constructivism?

	a. Only psychological constructivism involves learning.
	b. Only social constructivism involves learning directly from others.
	c. Only social constructivism emphasizes building schema and patterns.
	d. There is no significant difference.

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What kind of learning does cognitive psychology emphasize?

	a. Intuited
	b. Imitated
	c. Social and hierarchical
	d. Inductive and deductive

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Which is an example of behaviorist classical conditioning?

	a. A child associates pulling a dog’s tail with being made to sit in time-out.
	b. A child associates hearing a door slam with a fear response.
	c. A child associates saying “thank-you” with receiving praise.
	d. A child associates picking up toys with getting to play outside.

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Which of the following describes the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?

	a. Only classical conditioning requires a stimulus.
	b. Only operant conditioning requires a response.
	c. Only operant conditioning requires the subject to initiate a behavior.
	d. Only classical conditioning involves a reward for correct behavior.

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Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Bandura’s research and theories?

	a. He emphasized the importance of observation and imitation.
	b. He emphasized the importance of role models.
	c. He emphasized scaffolding of tasks by the parent or teacher.
	d. His work would indicate that watching violent TV programs could be harmful to children.

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Which of the following is NOT an assumption of Vygotsky?

	a. He emphasized the importance of observation and imitation.
	b. He emphasized scaffolding of tasks by the parent or teacher.
	c. He emphasized teaching a skill within the child’s zone of proximal development.
	d. He emphasized a child learns best when starting from the point of what a child already knows.

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Which of the following is the best example of using working (short-term) memory?

	a. Recalling an event from three days ago
	b. Recalling multiplication facts
	c. Repeating someone’s name after being introduced
	d. Repeating a story someone told you

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What kind of learning does behavioral psychology emphasize?

	a. Directly observable
	b. Deductive
	c. Inductive
	d. Intuited

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According to Piaget’s stages of Cognitive Development, most kindergarten students are in what stage of development?

	a. Sensorimotor
	b. Preoperational
	c. Concrete Operational
	d. Formal

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Choose the best answer to complete the following comparison. Piaget is to cognitive stages of development as

	a. Kohlberg is to physical stages of development.
	b. Gilligan is to moral stages of development.
	c. Erikson is to psychosocial stages of development.
	d. Salovey and Goleman are to emotional stages of development.

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Montessori and her teaching methods are most closely aligned with which developmental theory?

	a. Behaviorism
	b. Constructivism
	c. Information processing
	d. Kohlberg’s theory of moral development

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Unlike Kohlberg, what is Gilligan’s emphasis/central focus on moral thinking and action?

	a. Religious perspectives of good and evil
	b. The importance of empathy and caring
	c. Social expediency
	d. Concepts of justice and fair play

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What can poor impulse control in a child indicate or lead to?

	a. Inadequate cognitive skills
	b. Inadequate social skills
	c. Strong resiliency skills
	d. Strong mother-child bonding

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What is the difference between self-concept and self-esteem?

	a. Self-concept is about perception and opinion; self-esteem is about facts of oneself.
	b. Self-concept is how one feels about self; self-esteem is how one feels about other people.
	c. Self-concept is about one’s identity and abilities; self-esteem is about one’s feelings of worth.
	d. Self-concept is how one imagines him/herself; self-esteem is how one builds a reputation.

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What is the emphasis/central focus of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development?

	a. Religious perspectives of good and evil
	b. The importance of empathy and caring
	c. Social expediency
	d. Concepts of justice and fair play

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Which of Kohlberg’s stages of moral development would you assign to a 7-year-old who tattles on other children?

	a. Pre-conventional obedience and punishment orientation (Stage 1)
	b. Post-conventional universal ethical principles orientation (Stage 6)
	c. Conventional authority and social order orientation (Stage 4)
	d. Post-conventional social contract orientation (Stage 5)

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Which of the following demonstrates a child in the psychosocial stage of industry vs. inferiority?

	a. A child is concerned with being good at a sport or school subject.
	b. A child is concerned with his/her sexual identity.
	c. A child wants to be more independent and often uses the word “no.”
	d. A child tries to fit into a peer group, clique, or gang.

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Which of the following demonstrates a child in the psychosocial stage of identity vs. role confusion?

	a. A child is not concerned with his/her sexual identity.
	b. A child tries to fit into a peer group, clique, or gang.
	c. A child tends to want or have a single best friend.
	d. A child clings to parents.

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Which of the following is an example of a child in the preoperational cognitive stage?

	a. A child can conserve liquid quantities when poured into a different shape.
	b. A child can “see” from the perspective of another person.
	c. A child can demonstrate object permanence.
	d. A child cannot conserve liquid quantities when poured into different shapes.

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Which of the following is an example of a child in the concrete operations cognitive stage?

	a. A child can “see” from the perspective of another person.
	b. A child cannot conserve liquid quantities when poured into different shapes.
	c. A child can demonstrate object permanence.
	d. A child thinks that four big objects represent more things than four little objects.

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Why is resilience important in children?

	a. It helps them overcome environmental deficits and obstacles.
	b. It helps them overcome genetic deficiencies.
	c. It helps them be more sociable and empathetic.
	d. It helps them make better grades.

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By the end of the first year of life, an infant’s birth weight _______.

	a. nearly quadruples
	b. nearly triples
	c. nearly doubles
	d. has barely changed

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What can be the influence of gender differences in upper elementary or middle school?

	a. Girls are taller and more aggressive, so boys do not participate as much.
	b. Girls are more logical, and boys are more verbal, so they participate differently in different subjects.
	c. Girls are more socially conscious, so they do not want to stand out by participating as much as boys.
	d. Boys are more mature emotionally, so they take fewer risks when girls are present.

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What can be the influence of gender differences in primary grades?

	a. Boys are more fidgety and excitable, so they get more attention, both positive and negative.
	b. Girls are more logical, and boys are more verbal, so they participate differently in different subjects.
	c. Girls are more socially conscious, so they do not want to stand out by participating as much as boys.
	d. Boys are more mature cognitively, so they tend to learn reading and math faster than girls.

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What is the difference between intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligence?

	a. Intrapersonal involves relating to one other person; interpersonal involves relating to many others.
	b. Intrapersonal involves person-to-person interaction; interpersonal involves mass media interaction.
	c. Intrapersonal involves emotional control; interpersonal involves controlling others.
	d. Intrapersonal involves understanding self; interpersonal involves empathy and sociability.

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What is the emphasis of inclusive education?

	a. Rich and poor students go to the same school.
	b. Students learn to live with emotionally disturbed students’ outbursts.
	c. Students with a disability are included as part of the general education classroom routine and curriculum.
	d. Students with any kind of disability are given an Individual Educational Plan (IEP).

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What is the purpose of an Individual Educational Plan (IEP)?

	a. It gives teachers guidelines for how to structure a student’s learning, based on a disability.
	b. It gives parents a set of principles and legal rights for the education of their child.
	c. It excuses students from participating in particular activities based on a particular disability.
	d. It allows teachers to group students with similar disabilities.

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Which of the following best exemplifies a teacher who engages in culturally responsive teaching practices?

	a. The teacher arranges field trips to various cultural exhibits and festivals.
	b. The teacher integrates various cultural perspectives and examples into the regular curriculum.
	c. The teacher has students celebrate holidays and eat foods from various cultures.
	d. The teacher makes students tell each other about their ancestry.

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Which of the following examples demonstrates sensitivity to gender and sexual orientation issues?

	a. A teacher tells students about his own sexual orientation.
	b. A teacher ignores the school dress code and lets students wear whatever they want.
	c. A teacher gives many different examples of the concept of family.
	d. A teacher assigns students to debate the pros and cons of same-sex marriage.

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Which of the following is NOT an appropriate reason to be aware of students’ socioeconomic background?

	a. Poverty can mean hunger and lower school performance.
	b. Affluent students usually have access to more technology and enrichment outside of school.
	c. Knowing which students are poor can help teachers plan alternate or modified homework.
	d. Knowing which students are poor might lead teachers to set lower expectations for them.

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Why are theories of multiple or practical intelligences useful to educators?

	a. They make it easy to rationalize giving low grades to some students in some subjects.
	b. They force a kind of planning that allows students to use different abilities.
	c. They help parents understand their child’s strengths and weaknesses.
	d. They make it difficult to evaluate students fairly.

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According to Maslow, what need might prevent a student from being motivated to learn?

	a. Self-actualization
	b. Belonging
	c. Self-esteem
	d. Safety

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According to Maslow, what type of needs would normally motivate school-age children to learn and get along?

	a. Physiological and safety needs
	b. Self-esteem and self-actualization needs
	c. Belonging and self-esteem needs
	d. Safety and self-actualization needs

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What aspect of motivation is being used when a coach asks students to try to beat their own best time in a race?

	a. Extrinsic motivation
	b. Self-determination
	c. Interests
	d. Goals

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What aspect of motivation is being used when a teacher lets students choose a topic for a project?

	a. Extrinsic motivation
	b. Self-determination
	c. Interests
	d. Goals

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What aspect of motivation is being used when a teacher lets students rate their own performance?

	a. Extrinsic motivation
	b. Self-determination
	c. Interests
	d. Goals

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What could be the benefit from knowing about “Expectancy x Value” theory?

	a. It helps determine if a curriculum will match students’ abilities and interests.
	b. It helps determine what extrinsic motivators will work best for each grade level.
	c. It helps teachers prepare students for achievement tests.
	d. It helps explain why students drop out of high school.

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When students choose how many points they want to earn in a project, what motivates them?

	a. Extrinsic promise of a reward
	b. Intrinsic sense of self-determination
	c. Intrinsic sense of self-esteem
	d. Extrinsic sense of avoiding punishment

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Which of the following best represents a learning opportunity in the classroom likely to induce FLOW?

	a. Student experiencing test anxiety
	b. Students engaged in collaborative activity with high interest and joy
	c. Students arguing over who will be line leader
	d. Student reading quietly in the corner but distracted by outside noise

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Who might benefit most from intrinsic motivators?

	a. Preschool children
	b. Students with severe cognitive deficits
	c. Adolescents
	d. Emotionally-disturbed students

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Why would a teacher encourage extrinsic motivation in students?

	a. Praise and small treats are easy to manage and give the teacher simple methods of control.
	b. Extrinsic motivation makes students build higher cognitive skills, such as analysis.
	c. Extrinsic motivation makes students feel better and care more about each other.
	d. This type of motivation helps students to be more reflective about their own behavior.

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Why is motivation theory important to teachers?

	a. Each student is motivated in a set, unchangeable way, so teachers need to understand this.
	b. Each student is motivated differently, and teachers need to understand this.
	c. All students like rewards, so teachers need to know what kinds of rewards are possible.
	d. Students can be motivated in changing ways if teachers have the right techniques.

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A teacher who writes constructive comments to students along with their grade is using what management technique?

	a. Withitness
	b. Sensitive pacing
	c. Careful record keeping
	d. Feedback

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How can a teacher encourage a caring classroom community?

	a. By showing students that misbehavior will not be tolerated
	b. By making learning fun and active
	c. By getting students to admit their fears and faults
	d. By giving everyone some responsibility

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How can you tell that a teacher has “withitness”?

	a. The teacher is stylish in dress and mannerisms.
	b. The teacher knows current trends and uses the knowledge in teaching.
	c. The teacher is aware of what each student is doing during class time.
	d. The teacher makes friends with students, staff, and parents.

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How does an effective teacher establish classroom rules?

	a. The teacher hands the classroom rules out in printed form on the first day.
	b. The teacher lets students help make the classroom rules.
	c. The teacher posts the classroom rules in a format that starts each rule with the words “do not.”
	d. The teacher makes the classroom rules a homework assignment for memorization.

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Which of the following is an example of a logical consequence?

	a. A student does not finish assigned homework, so the teacher makes the student complete it during snack time.
	b. A student insults another student, so the teacher insults the initiating student so he/she can “see how it feels.”
	c. A student leaves her book bag in the aisle, so the teacher assigns the student to after-school detention.
	d. A student sleeps during class, so the teacher gives the student a failing grade for the week.

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Which of the following is an example of encouraging discussion and participation?

	a. Asking only easy questions with obvious answers
	b. Asking open-ended questions with no obvious answers
	c. Letting student volunteers guide the discussion
	d. Telling normally verbal students to “hold back” for a while

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Which of the following is an example of making participation equitable for all students?

	a. Calling on students who raise their hands quietly
	b. Calling on students who do not seem to have had a turn lately
	c. Drawing names out of a box regardless of raised hands
	d. Calling on students who try to remain unnoticed

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Which of the following is an example of procedural talk?

	a. A teacher explains the importance of a period of history.
	b. A teacher explains how students are to line up before being dismissed.
	c. A teacher tells a student that a behavior is unacceptable.
	d. A teacher warns students about talking to strangers.

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Which of the following is an example of using nonverbal management cues?

	a. A teacher points to examples on a chart during a lesson.
	b. A teacher shakes his head when a student gives a wrong answer.
	c. A teacher smiles when a student gives a correct answer.
	d. A teacher moves to stand near a student who appears ready to misbehave.

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Why might a teacher ignore a student’s misbehavior?

	a. In behaviorist terms, the behavior might go away if it gets no attention or reinforcement.
	b. In humanistic terms, it is an act of forgiveness, which everyone needs and appreciates.
	c. In constructivist terms, it is a way to allow a student to reflect and self-regulate.
	d. A teacher would burn out if he/she acted on every student’s misbehavior, and self-preservation is the key.

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Why might a teacher use collaborative learning?

	a. So bright students who usually finish quickly can use their energy to help others
	b. To make the teacher’s workload easier, since there will be group, rather than individual, grades
	c. So that students learn cooperative as well as academic skills
	d. To help English-language learners feel more included and accepted

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According to theory and best practices of classroom management, which teacher will experience the least misbehavior from students?

	a. The one who is the most creative or most allowing of student creativity
	b. The one who is the most efficient with pacing, space, and transitions
	c. The one who assigns the most work, regardless of its difficulty level
	d. The one who is most feared

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What could keep a student from being successful at complex thinking?

	a. Concern for getting correct answers
	b. Lack of imagination and will power
	c. Learning disability
	d. A lot of experience with higher levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy

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What is one main advantage of using teacher-directed learning for complex thinking?

	a. A teacher can efficiently ensure that concepts are being learned correctly.
	b. A teacher can enforce and grade divergent thinking.
	c. A teacher can call on students who know the answers so others can hear and learn.
	d. A teacher can efficiently ensure that metacognition is being used correctly.

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Which of the following is an example of inquiry learning?

	a. A teacher explains an algorithm and then has everyone apply it in practice.
	b. A teacher lets students choose partners for a project.
	c. A teacher has students think of a problem or question they want to solve.
	d. A teacher gives an ill-defined problem for students to solve in groups.

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Which of the following is an example of reframing a problem?

	a. A teacher asks students to think of another approach to a problem.
	b. A teacher tells students the answer, and then has them find a way to get to the answer.
	c. A teacher offers a reward for anyone who can find a solution.
	d. A teacher asks students to look at the problem from a different perspective.

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Which of the following is NOT part of cooperative learning?

	a. Dividing and delegating tasks for investigating and research
	b. Dividing and delegating roles for discussion and presentation
	c. Creating a sense of teamwork, commitment, and respect
	d. Making sure that each member does an equal amount of work

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Which of the following represents the major components of successful problem solving?

	a. Subjectivity and persistence
	b. Trial-and-error and note taking
	c. Persistence and objectivity
	d. Logic and humor

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Why might a teacher give students a formula or set of steps to use in solving a particular type of problem?

	a. To keep students from getting frustrated
	b. To keep students from having to come up with a solution by themselves
	c. To give students experience in using heuristics and algorithms
	d. To give students experience in using divergent thinking

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Why would a teacher intentionally ask students to solve an ill-defined problem?

	a. Metacognition
	b. Memory
	c. Logic
	d. Objectivity
	e. Frustration builds character.
	f. Such a task forces divergent thinking and solutions.
	g. Such a task separates the truly gifted from the rest of the students.
	h. Such a task forces students to be persistent and logical.

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Why should a teacher be concerned with complex thinking skills?

	a. Standardized tests are full of questions that require complex thinking.
	b. Life is full of situations that require complex thinking.
	c. Complex thinking is a natural and normal part of every textbook and curriculum.
	d. There is no important reason to be concerned, but it is fun to do.

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How can a teacher use state-mandated standards most effectively?

	a. By turning standards into behavioral objectives for planning purposes
	b. By embedding standards into lessons to prepare for standardized tests
	c. By choosing standards that students will most likely enjoy
	d. By ignoring standards that might be controversial at the local level

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What makes an objective “behavioral”?

	a. It fits with behavioristic learning theory.
	b. It has no cognitive component.
	c. It specifies what behaviors will prove mastery.
	d. It specifies what behaviors are acceptable and appropriate.

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Which of the following is NOT a way that community can be a resource for learning?

	a. Guest speakers can talk about their knowledge and experience.
	b. Field trips can help students see how learning is applied.
	c. Parents can prepare snacks or do administrative chores for the teacher.
	d. Teachers can get students to research and interview family and community members.

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Which of the following is NOT an appropriate way to incorporate technology into lesson planning?

	a. Have students do Web searches for answers to questions
	b. Show video clips of current events or far-away places
	c. Allow students to use social networking sites to find causes they support
	d. Allow students to text friends to increase motivation

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Which of the following is the best example of a behavioral objective?

	a. A student will know how to add two-digit numbers.
	b. A student will add two-digit numbers correctly.
	c. A student will add two-digit numbers with 80% accuracy.
	d. A student will add two-digit numbers without help and with a good attitude.

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Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about lesson plans?

	a. A lesson plan can be used over and over, so it should be done well the first time.
	b. An old lesson plan is useless, since every year there are new students and new ideas.
	c. A lesson plan should be evaluated for its effectiveness, and revised accordingly.
	d. A lesson plan is never the same as the actual lesson.

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Which of the following statements is NOT a way that Bloom’s Taxonomy can help in lesson planning?

	a. It provides verbs for behavioral objectives.
	b. It helps the teacher think of useful resources for different learning styles.
	c. It helps the teacher plan many levels of thinking into the lesson.
	d. It helps the teacher plan a progression of simple to complex thinking.

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Why might a teacher link new learning with what students already know?

	a. So students can feel pride in what they know
	b. So students can understand the relationship between new and old information
	c. So students can decide if the new information is useful to them for the future
	d. So students can feel that their old learning is still important

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Why might teachers re-shape goals and objectives during planning?

	a. To accommodate local opinions and prejudices
	b. To accommodate their own personal opinions and perspectives
	c. To make the lesson more fun and exciting for students
	d. To accommodate various special needs among students

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What is the difference between a goal and an objective?

	a. A goal is attainable, but an objective is not.
	b. A goal is general, and an objective is specific.
	c. An objective is the sum of many goals.
	d. A goal is long-range, while an objective is short-range.

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How can a teacher make sure a test is reliable?

	a. By using the same test for four or more years and analyzing the results
	b. By checking if groups taking the test under different conditions score about the same
	c. By checking to find out if students understand each item on the test
	d. By giving the test to a control group to see if they perform as well as students who received instruction

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How can a teacher match assessments to objectives?

	a. By planning assessments for each objective
	b. By planning objectives for each assessment
	c. By letting assessment and objectives correlate naturally without any plan
	d. All of these

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How can a teacher’s assessment accommodate various student needs and styles?

	a. This cannot and should not be done; everyone should be judged on one set of standards.
	b. Teachers can plan alternate assessments that achieve equal levels of difficulty for all students.
	c. Teachers can plan alternate assessments that allow weak students to pass.
	d. Teachers can give two or three versions of the same test.

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What is the difference between a score in the top quartile and a score in the top percentile?

	a. Top quartile is always higher than top percentile.
	b. Top percentile is always higher than top quartile.
	c. Top quartile is in the upper 20% of scores; top percentile is the top 5%.
	d. Top quartile is in the upper 25% of scores; top percentile is the top 10%.

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What is the difference between an achievement test and an aptitude test?

	a. Achievement is about what has been learned; aptitude is about ability to learn.
	b. Achievement is about finding most deserving students; aptitude is about finding disabilities.
	c. Achievement is about ability to learn; aptitude is about applying what has been learned.
	d. Achievement is about earning power; aptitude is about emotional sensitivity.

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What is the difference between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced testing?

	a. Norm-reference is about meeting standards; criterion-reference is about native intelligence.
	b. Norm-reference is about comparing students; criterion-reference is about meeting standards.
	c. Norm-reference is about aptitude; criterion-reference is about application.
	d. Norm-reference is about lower-level cognitive skills; criterion-reference is about higher-level skills.

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What is the difference between reliability and validity?

	a. Reliability is about how accurately the test measures; validity is about the quality of the questions.
	b. Reliability is about how fairly the test measures; validity is about test consistency.
	c. Reliability is about how consistently the test measures; validity is about accuracy or fairness.
	d. The two terms are interchangeable.

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What is the purpose of standards-based testing?

	a. To rank students from highest to lowest achieving
	b. To compare teaching methods used in different classrooms
	c. To determine if students have met state-mandated learning objectives
	d. To determine if students are qualified to graduate with a full diploma

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Which kind of test item is easiest to get right by guessing?

	a. Five-item multiple choice
	b. Ten-item matching
	c. Short-answer (fill-in-the-blank)
	d. True-false

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Which kind of test item requires a detailed rubric to grade fairly?

	a. Multiple-choice
	b. Short-answer (fill-in-the-blank)
	c. Essay
	d. Math proof or solution

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Which of the following is a summative assessment?

	a. IQ test
	b. Listening to a student read a passage from a book
	c. Watching a student rehearse a play, and then critiquing and making suggestions
	d. An oral exam administered to a student by a committee at the end of a project or degree program

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Which of the following is NOT a purpose for using a grading rubric?

	a. It gives teachers an effective way to give feedback and justify grades.
	b. It gives teachers an effective way to match objectives, expectations, and performance.
	c. It can give students alternate ways to prove their mastery under similar standards.
	d. It can give students a way to “test out” of a subject or course.

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Which of the following is NOT a test of validity?

	a. Check to make sure each answer can be found in textbook or in provided lessons.
	b. Check to make sure that the type or construction of test is understandable to students.
	c. Check to make sure students can score about the same under different conditions.
	d. Check to make sure that all types of students have a fair and equal chance at success.

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Which of the following is a formative assessment?

	a. Standardized test
	b. Listening to a student read a passage from a book
	c. Portfolio of student work
	d. An oral exam administered to a student by a committee at the end of a project or degree program

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The process by which one manages emotions (both positive and negative) while teaching is known as which of the following?

	a. Emotion disequilibrium
	b. Emotion disengagement
	c. Emotion collaboration
	d. Emotion regulation

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Which of the following best helps new teachers during the first year or two?

	a. Being assigned a classroom aide
	b. Being assigned fewer difficult students
	c. Being assigned a veteran mentor teacher
	d. Warmth and welcome in the teachers’ lounge

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Which of the following is an example of a teacher exiting the profession with “emeritus” status?

	a. A teacher is given a party and a plaque from fellow teachers.
	b. A teacher is given a service pin by the administration.
	c. A teacher is invited to mentor new teachers part-time and/or on-line.
	d. A teacher is begged by colleagues to write his/her memoirs of classroom life.

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Which of the following is an example of a teacher exiting the profession due to burnout?

	a. A teacher takes a job in the corporate world for more pay.
	b. A teacher takes a personal leave of absence and decides not to return.
	c. A teacher quits to care for family members.
	d. A teacher quits to join the Peace Corps.

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Which of the following is an example of professional collegiality?

	a. Friendship and fun in the teachers’ lounge
	b. Collaborative planning
	c. Monthly potluck dinners, including spouses
	d. Sensitive listening to each other’s problems

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Which of the following is NOT a positive step in career development?

	a. Attending conferences
	b. Collaborative planning
	c. Taking classes online
	d. Staying cheerful with colleagues

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Which of the following is NOT normally a cause of teacher stress and burnout?

	a. Novelty and unpredicability from one day to the next
	b. Administrative expectations
	c. Sense of isolation in classroom
	d. Repetition

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Which of the following represents the strategy teachers use to reduce negative emotions being expressed in the classroom?

	a. Up-regulation
	b. Self-regulation
	c. Down-regulation
	d. Stress reduction

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